Cerebellum Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the main role of the cerebellum?
Integration of sensory information and coordination of movement.
What is the vermis responsible for?
Axial posture and midline muscle control.
What does the cerebellar hemisphere coordinate?
Purposeful limb movements (especially distal fine motor control).
Function of the flocculonodular lobe?
Balance and coordination of eye and head movements via vestibular input.
What is dysdiadochokinesia?
Inability to perform rapid alternating movements.
What is dysmetria?
Inability to judge distances accurately.
What is ataxia?
Lack of coordination in gait and limb movements.
What are common signs of cerebellar lesions?
Nystagmus, dysarthria, hypotonia, tremor, and truncal ataxia.
What are the three functional divisions of the cerebellum?
Vestibulocerebellum, Spinocerebellum, and Cerebrocerebellum.
Function of vestibulocerebellum?
Controls balance and the vestibulo-ocular reflex.
Function of spinocerebellum?
Controls body/limb movements and receives proprioceptive input.
Function of cerebrocerebellum?
Plans and coordinates precise, distal voluntary movements.
Which deep nucleus handles distal voluntary movement?
Dentate nucleus.
Which nuclei handle proximal limb movement?
Emboliform and Globose (interposed nuclei).
Which nucleus is responsible for axial stability?
Fastigial nucleus.
Which cerebellar lobe connects to vestibular nuclei?
Flocculonodular lobe.
Which cerebellar part communicates with cortical motor areas for fine movements?
Lateral hemispheres via dentate nuclei.
Which cerebellar structure regulates axial muscles via brainstem?
Vermis via fastigial nucleus.
What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex?
Granule layer, Purkinje layer, Molecular layer.
What input uses climbing fibers and has a strong influence on Purkinje cells?
Input from the inferior olivary nucleus.
What are the 4 spinocerebellar tracts?
Dorsal, Cuneocerebellar, Ventral, and Rostral.
Which sensory structures send information to these tracts?
Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs.
What condition involves cerebellar vermis aplasia and hydrocephalus?
Dandy-Walker malformation.
Which artery, when blocked, may cause sudden cerebellar stroke?
Superior cerebellar artery.
