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Neuroanatomy 1 > Cerebellum quiz > Flashcards

Cerebellum quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Functions

A
  1. sensory input on the momentary status of muscle contraction, joint tensions, visual and auditory input on equilibrium
  2. muscle tone, posture, smooth and effective voluntary movements
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2
Q

Input fibers are entirely ___

A

Subconscious

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3
Q

Output is ___

A

Indirect

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4
Q

Equilibrium= ___ while balance= ___

A

Sensory, motor

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5
Q

What tract is in the cerebellum? (ipsilateral)

A

Anterior spinocerebellar tract

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6
Q

___ is one of the cerebellum’s greatest attributes

A

Compensation

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7
Q

It’s attached to the MO via the ___

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

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8
Q

It’s attached to the pons via the ___

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle

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9
Q

It’s attached to the midbrain via the ___

A

Superior cerebellar peduncle

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10
Q

The inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles __ the cerebellum

A

Enter

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11
Q

The superior cerebellar peduncle ___ the cerebellum

A

Leaves

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12
Q

Inferior peduncle distribution

A
  1. afferents dominate

2. efferents are present

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13
Q

Middle peduncle distribution

A
  1. afferents only
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14
Q

Inferior peduncle distribution

A
  1. afferents are present

2. efferents dominate

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15
Q

Which is the largest peduncle?

A

Middle

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16
Q

20% of childhood brain tumors are ___

A

Medulloblastomas

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17
Q

Medulloblastomas arise in the ___

A

Superior medullary velum

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18
Q

The median external subdivision is the ___

A

Vermis

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19
Q

The lateral external subdivision is the __

A

Right and left hemispheres

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20
Q

3 lobes

A
  1. anterior
  2. posterior
  3. flocculonodular
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21
Q

Synonym of vestibulocerebellum

A

Archicerebellum

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22
Q

Lobes of vestibulocerebellum

A

Flocculonodular

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23
Q

Inputs of vestibulocerebellum

A

Vestibular nucleus

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24
Q

Functions of vestibulocerebellum

A

Posture, equilibrium, balance

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25
Q

Synonym of spinocerebellum

A

Paleocerebellum

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26
Q

Lobes of spinocerebellum

A

Anterior, vermis, medial posterior

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27
Q

Inputs of spinocerebellum

A

Spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar

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28
Q

Functions of spinocerebellum

A

Muscle tone, trunk, and limb movements

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29
Q

Synonym of cerebrocerebellum

A

Neocerebellum

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30
Q

Lobes of cerebrocerebellum

A

Lateral posterior

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31
Q

Inputs of cerebrocerebellum

A

Cortico-pontocerebellar

32
Q

Functions of cerebrocerebellum

A

Planning and coordination of skilled movement

33
Q

White matter is called ___

A

Corpus medullare

34
Q

White matter is made up of ___

A
  1. afferent projection fibers
  2. efferent projection fibers
  3. commissural fibers
  4. association fibers
35
Q

The branching tree in white matter is called ___

A

Arbor vitae

36
Q

Isolated in the white matter are found 4 pairs of nuclei called ___

A

Deep or central cerebellar nuclei

37
Q

External features

A
  1. fissures
  2. sulci
  3. folia
38
Q

T/F: the gray cortex is fairly uniform as to depth and cytoarchitecture

A

True

39
Q

Most common neuron cell types

A
  1. purkinje
  2. Golgi type II
  3. stellate
  4. basket
  5. granular
40
Q

3 laminae

A
  1. outer (molecular layer)
  2. middle (purkinje cell body layer)
  3. inner (granular layer)
41
Q

Which layer has the most synaptic activity?

A

Molecular layer

42
Q

Which layer do you find granular cell bodies?

A

Granular layer

43
Q

Purkinje cell dendrites are in the ___ layer

A

Molecular

44
Q

Layers of the cerebellar cortex (superficial to deep)

A
  1. pia matter
  2. molecular layer
  3. purkinje layer
  4. granular layer
  5. white matter
45
Q

Which axons are the only efferent (outgoing) fibers from the cerebellar cortex?

A

Myelinated purkinje

46
Q

Where do myelinated purkinje fibers terminate?

A

Deep central cerebellar nuclei

47
Q

If a neuron were to bypass the deep nuclei, where would it go to?

A

Dieter’s nucleus

48
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that the purkinje fiber releases?

A

GABA-> inhibitory

49
Q

Granular cell dendrites are stimulated by incoming ___

A

Mossy fibers

50
Q

Pathway of a granular cell

A
  1. ascends to molecular layer

2. bifurcates and synapses with spined branches

51
Q

What is the neurotransmitter of a granular neuron?

A

Glutamate

52
Q

What are the 2 fiber types that reach the cerebellar cortex?

A
  1. mossy fibers

2. climbing fibers

53
Q

2 fibers that synapse on purkinje fibers?

A
  1. mossy fibers

2. granular fibers

54
Q

Mossy fibers mostly originate from ___ and ___ sources

A

Spinocerebellar and corticopontocerebellar

55
Q

Granular cell axons ascend to synapse with ___ branches

A

Spined

56
Q

Is glutamate inhibitory or excitatory?

A

Excitatory

57
Q

Are climbing fibers inhibitory or excitatory?

A

Extremely excitatory

58
Q

Climbing fibers reach the ___ branches directly

A

Smooth

59
Q

What is the neurotransmitter of climbing fibers?

A

Aspartate

60
Q

Names of deep or central cerebellar nuclei

A
  1. dentate
  2. emboliform
  3. globose
  4. fastigial
61
Q

Feature of dentate nucleus

A

Largest and most lateral

62
Q

What is the name of emboliform and globose?

A

Interposed nuclei

63
Q

Feature of fastigial nucleus

A

Most primitive and medial

64
Q

Vestibulocerebellum goes to the ___

A

Vestibular nucleus

65
Q

Spinocerebellum goes to the ___

A

Interposed and fastigial nuclei

66
Q

Cerebrocerebellum goes to the ___

A

Dentate nucleus

67
Q

Non-cerebellar influences go directly to the ___

A

Deep cerebellar nuclei

68
Q

Fastigial nucleus exit via the ___

A

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

69
Q

Interposed nucleus exit via the ___

A

Superior cerebellar peduncles

70
Q

Dentate axons exit via the ___

A

Superior cerebellar peduncles

71
Q

Which condition is most frequent in lesions of the neocerebellum?

A

Ataxia

72
Q

What is an intention tremor?

A

Precise movement or the digits, limbs,-> exaggerated tremor

73
Q

What is dysdiadokokinesia?

A

Inability to pronate and supinate

74
Q

What is dysmetria?

A

Measured movements are difficult to make-> under or overshoot a target

75
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

Repetitive jerking movements of the eyeballs

Neuroanatomy 1 (8 decks)

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