cerebral cortex

Question 1

cerebral cortex

Answer 1

Vast collection of cell bodies, axons dendrites, which is gray matter, on the surface of the hemispheres

Granule cells
Pyramidal cells

Question 2

granules cells

Answer 2

Small interneurons within cortex

Question 3

pyramidal cells

Answer 3

Most are output cells for the cerebral cortex

Projection, commissural, association fibers

Question 4

Primary sensory cortex

Answer 4

discriminates shape, texture, or size of objects

located in the anterior part of the parietal lobe
Post central gyrus

Question 5

primary motor cortex

Answer 5

descending control of motor output

Sources of most neurons in the corticospinal tract

Controls contralateral voluntary movements

Question 6

primary auditory

Answer 6

Conscious discrimination of loudness and pitch of sounds

Question 7

primary visual

Answer 7

Distinguishes intensity of light shape, size, and location of objects

Question 8

primary vestibular

Answer 8

Discriminates among head positions and head movements, contributes to perception of vertical

Question 9

lesion in somatosensory cortex

Answer 9

Loss of tactile localization and conscious proprioception

Question 10

lesion in vestibular cortex

Answer 10

Change in awareness of head position and head movement
change in perception of vertical

Question 11

lesion in visual cortex

Answer 11

homonymous hemianopia

Question 12

Lesion in auditory cortex

Answer 12

Loss of conscious localization of sounds

Question 13

primary somatosensory cortex receives info from

Answer 13

Receives information from tactile in proprioceptive receptors via a three neuron pathway

Peripheral afferent/dorsal column neuron

medial lemniscus neuron

Thalamocortical neuron

Question 14

primary auditory cortex receives info from

Answer 14

Receives information from both cochlea

Question 15

Primary vestibular cortex receives info from

Answer 15

receives information from the vestibulothalamocortical pathway

Question 16

primary visual cortex pathway

Answer 16

Visual information travels from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex

Question 17

secondary somatic sensory area

Answer 17

Stereognosis
memory of the tactile and spatial environment

Question 18

secondary visual

Answer 18

Analysis of motion
color recognition
understanding of visual spatial relationships
control of visual fixation

Question 19

secondary auditory

Answer 19

Classification of sounds

Question 20

Motor planning areas

Answer 20

Anterior to primary motor cortex

supplementary motor area
premotor area
brocas area

Question 21

primary motor cortex

Answer 21

Voluntarily controlled movements

Question 22

premotor area

Answer 22

Control of trunk and girdle muscles

Anticipatory postural adjustments

Question 23

supplementary motor area

Answer 23

Initiation of movement
Orientation planning
Bimanual and sequential movements

Question 24

brocas area

Answer 24

Motor programming of speech

Usually in the left hemisphere only

Question 25

inferior frontal gyrus

Answer 25

usually in the right hemisphere Planning nonverbal communication Emotional gestures, tone of voice

Question 26

flow of cortical information from the primary sensory cortex to motor output

Answer 26

Primary sensory cortex Secondary sensory cortex Association cortex Motor planning areas Primary motor cortex

Question 27

flow of information

Answer 27

1-simple sensory discrimination 2-Recognition of sensation 3-Goal selection planning monitoring /interpretation of sensation/emotions, memory processing 4-Movement composition sequencing 5-Cortical motor output