Cerebrovasculature

Question 1

Internal Carotid

Answer 1

Arises from the common carotid

Question 2

Opthalamic Artery

Answer 2

Branch of internal carotid.
Supplies the retina, and cranial dura.
Occlusion: Loss of vision in ipsilateral eye

Question 3

Posterior Communicating Artery

Answer 3

Arises at level of optic chiasm.
Supplies optic chiasm, optic tract, hypothalamus, thalamus, and mammillary bodies.
Occlusion: Alteration in visual processing, Alter Parasympathetic/sympathetic NS. Alter sensory/ motor processing, difficulty forming new memories.

Question 4

Anterior Choroidal Artery

Answer 4

Supplies choroid plexus in inferior horn of lateral ventricle, the optic tract, portions of the thalamus, and portions of the midbrain.
Hippocampus lies inferior to anterior choroidal
Occlusion: Loss of new memory formation.

Question 5

Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)

Answer 5

Travels through medial longitudinal fissure.
Supplies medial/superior aspect of frontal/parietal lobes, all of corpus callosum (except splenium), cingulate gyrus/sulcus, precuneus, and paracentral lobule.
Lies along superior surface of corpus callosum
Occlusion: Loss of motor/sensory areas supplied by ACA

Question 6

Anterior Communicating Artery

Answer 6

Connects the anterior cerebral arteries
Supplies, portions of fornix, optic chiasm, hypothalamus, and portions of the cingulate gyrus.
-Intercranial aneurysms commonly occur (20-25% incidence) within the anterior communicating, or at junction where it branches off ACA

Question 7

Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)

Answer 7

Large vascular territory. Supplies lateral convexity of the cerebral hemisphere, , including parts of temporal, parietal, frontal, and occipital.
Occlusion: would produce the most CS&S, but will often only effect specific branches.

Question 8

Vertebral Artery

Answer 8

Supplies parts of the medulla.

Question 9

Anterior Spinal Artery

Answer 9

Supplies portions of the spinal cord, medulla, olives, and pyramids.
Occlusion: loss in voluntary motor movement, inability to process auditory stimuli, change in respiration and cardiac function.

Question 10

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)

Answer 10

Supplies portions of the medulla, cerebellum, and olive.

Occlusion: changes in respiratory/cardiac function, changes in balance/posture, loss or decrease in auditory function.

Question 11

Posterior Spinal Artery

Answer 11

Supplies parts of the medulla, and the spinal cord.
Arises from Vertebral A. in 25% of pop.
Arises from PICA in 75% of pop.
CS&S may vary based on origination.

Question 12

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA)

Answer 12

Supplies cerebellum and pons.
Occlusion: loss off coordination/balance.
Loss of motor/sensory for the face.

Question 13

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)

Answer 13

Supplies portions of midbrain, thalamus, temporal lobe, medial/inferior occipital lobe.
Occlusion: loss of vision, inability to recognize faces.

Question 14

Superior Cerebellar Artery

Answer 14

Supplies rostral level of pons, caudal part of midbrain, and superior surface of midbrain.
Occlusion: loss of motor/sensory to left side of face.

Question 15

Calcarine Artery

Answer 15

Supplies primary visual cortex (Brodmann’s 17)

Question 16

Cerebral Arterial Circle

Answer 16

Circle of willis.

Funcional in only 20% of pop.

Question 17

Superior Sagittal Sinus

Answer 17

Runs along superior border of falx cerebri.
Drains into confluence.
Point where CFS enters bloodstream.

Question 18

Inferior Sagittal Sinus

Answer 18

Inferior border of falx cerebri.
Great cerebral vein of of Galen, joins to form straight sinus.
Straight sinus empties into confluence.

Question 19

Transverse Sinus

Answer 19

Originates on either side of confluence, travels laterally/rostrally, curves to form sigmoids sinus, sigmoids empties into jugular.

Question 20

Confluence of Sinuses

Answer 20

Superior, straight, and occipital sinuses join to form confluence.

Question 21

Cavernous Sinus

Answer 21

located on either side of sphenoid. Opthalmic/middle cerebral veins drain into sinus.

Question 22

Superficial Middle Cerebral Vein

Answer 22

-Sylvian Vein-
Runs along lateral sulcus
Drains temporal lobe (especcially superior/middle gyrus)
Empties into cavernous sinus.

Question 23

Superior Anastomotic Vein of Trolard

Answer 23

Largest superficial vein.
Travels across parietal.
Drains into superior sagittal sinus.
Connects superficial middle cerebral vein with superior sagittal sinus.

Question 24

Inferior Anasmotic Vein of Labbe

Answer 24

Connects superficial middle v. w/ transverse sinus.
Largest vein draining transverse sinus.
Travels across temporal lobe.

Question 25

Great Cerebral Vein of Galen

Answer 25

Formed by union of 2 internal cerebral v's at level of splenium & basal vein of rosenthal. Drains into inferior sagittal sinus & straight sinus. The cerebellum/medulla are drained by a network of v's that empty into great cerebral v of Galen in addition to other sinuses.

Question 26

Basal Vein of Rosenthal

Answer 26

Drains blood from orbital surface of frontal lobe, andterior portions of corpus callosum, rostral parts of cingulate gyrus, and the insula. Empties into great cerebral vein of galen.

Question 27

Internal Cerebral Vein

Answer 27

Drains blood from thalamus, and choroid plexus