Cervical And Cranial Nerves - Stephens - 3/22

Question 1

Which nerves are innervated by C2-C3?

Answer 1

Lesser occipital
Great auricular
Transverse cervical

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Question 2

Which nerves are innervated by C3-C4?

Answer 2

Supraclavicular n

Question 3

What is the superior root of the Ansa cervicalis innervated by?

Inferior root?

Answer 3

C1-C2

C2-3

Question 4

Where does the superior root leave?

Answer 4

The hypoglossal nerve below the posterior di gastric

Question 5

What innervates the thyrohyoid muscle?

Answer 5

Nerve to thyrohyoid, branch of CN 12

Question 6

What is located immediately posterior to the anterior scalene muscle?

Answer 6

Brachial plexus

Question 7

Erb-Duchenne affects what portion of the brachial plexus?

Klumpke’s?

Answer 7

Upper

Lower

Question 8

What do GSA fibers convey?

What embryological origin?

What type of sensation?

Answer 8

Paint, temp, tactile pressure, proprioception

Ectodermal

Sharp, highly localized pain

Question 9

What do GVA fibers convey?

Embryological origin?

What type of sensation?

Answer 9

Visceral pain (stretch, ischemia) and reflexes

Endodermal

Dull, aching, throbbing

Question 10

What muscles in the head are of myotoxic origin?

What fibers innervate them?

Answer 10

Tongue and extra-ocular mm

GSE

Question 11

What are GVE fibers associated with?

Answer 11

ANS

Question 12

Where does GSA info in the face go to?

Answer 12

Trigeminal sensory complex

Question 13

What are the 3 nuclei of the Trigeminal sensory complex and where do they receive info from?

Answer 13

Mesencephalic nucleus (proprioception from facial m.)
Main sensory nucleus (precise tactile info from face)
Descending nucleus (crude tactile, pain, temp from face)

Question 14

What is the NTS the sensory nucleus for (GVA fibers)?

Answer 14

From the posterior 1/3 of the tongue to mid-portion of the transverse colon

Question 15

What does the NTS receive SVA info from?

Answer 15

Ant. 2/3 of tongue via CN 7
Post. 1/3 of tongue via CN 9
Epiglottis via CN 10

Question 16

The NTS is the sensory nucleus for what kind of reflexes?

Where?

Answer 16

Visceral reflexes in head and neck (salivary, lacrimation, carotid, gag, cough)

Organs in thorax and abdomen

Question 17

The SVE fibers innervate muscles derived from where?

Answer 17

Mesenchyme of the branchial arches

Question 18

Branchial arch 1 is associated with what kind of muscles?

What CN?

Answer 18

Muscles of mastication

CN 5

Question 19

Branchial arch 2 is associated with what kind of muscles?

What CN?

Answer 19

Mimetic (m. Of facial expression) muscles

CN 7

Question 20

Branchial arch 4 is associated with what kind of muscles?

What CN?

Answer 20

Pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

Nucleus Ambiguus (CN 9,10,11)

Question 21

What is Collet’s/Sicard’s/Villaret’s syndrome due to?

Involve what?

Answer 21

Injury to retroparotid space

Ipsilateral paralysis to CN 9-12 and cervical sympathetic trunk

Question 22

Lesions in CN 9 result in what?

Answer 22

Loss of gag reflux
Slight dysphagia
Loss of sensation in pharynx and post. 1/3 tongue

Question 23

Lesions in CN 10 result in what?

Answer 23

Dysphonia
Dysphagia
Dyspnea
Loss of gag or laryngeal cough reflex

Question 24

Lesion in CN 11 results in what?

Answer 24

Inability to shrug shoulder, flex and rotate head

Question 25

Lesion in CN 12 results in what?

Answer 25

Deviation of protruded tongue towards the affected side

Question 26

What is Vernet's syndrome?

Answer 26

Basilar skull fracture due to trauma may involve the jugular foramen -> ipsilateral CN 9,10,11 paralysis

Question 27

The superficial branches of the cervical plexus are formed by what nerves?

Answer 27

C2-C4