Cervical MUSCLES

Question 1

What are the attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 1

Sternal head; upper anterior surface of the manubrium
Clavicular head; superior surface, medial 1/3 clavicle

Lateral 1/2 superior nuchal line
Lateral surface mastoid process

Question 2

What are the actions of the Sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 2

Bilateral cervical flexion
Unilateral Ipsilateral side flexion and contralateral rotation
Accessory muscle of respiration

Question 3

What is the nerve supply of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 3

Accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11)
Anterior rami (C2-3)

Question 4

What are the attachments of longus capitis?

Answer 4

Transverse processes C3-6

inferior surface occipital bone

Question 5

What are the actions of the longus capitis

Answer 5

Flexes the head and the neck

Question 6

What is the nerve supply of the longus capitis?

Answer 6

Anterior rami (C1-3)

Question 7

What are the attachments of longus colli

Answer 7

Anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-5
Anterior surface vertebral bodies C5-T3

Tubercle of anterior arch of atlas
Anterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-6
Anterior surface vertebral bodies C2-4

Question 8

What are the actions of the longus colli?

Answer 8

Cervical flexion
Slight Ipsilateral side flexion and contralateral rotation

Question 9

What is the nerve supply of the longus colli?

Answer 9

Anterior rami (C1-3)

Question 10

Where do the rectus capitis anterior and lateralis run?

Answer 10

From the atlas to the occiput

Question 11

What is the nerve supply of the rectus capitis anterior and lateralis?

Answer 11

Anterior rami (C1-2)

Question 12

What is the role of Rectus capitis anterior and lateralis at C0-C1?

Answer 12

Deep flexors and stabilisers

Question 13

What are the attachments for posterior scalenes?

Answer 13

Posterior tubercles on transverse processes C4-7
Upper surface of rib 2

Question 14

What are the attachments of middle scalenes?

Answer 14

Transverse processes C2-7
Upper surface of rib 1 (posterior to subclavian groove)

Question 15

What are the attachments of the anterior scalenes?

Answer 15

Anterior tubercles on transverse processes C3-6
Scalene tubercle and upper surface of rib 1

Question 16

What are the actions of the scalenes?

Answer 16

Elevation of ribs 1 and 2
Cervical side flexion
Cervical flexion

Question 17

What is the nerve supply for posterior scalenes

Answer 17

Anterior rami (C5-7)

Question 18

What is the nerve supply for middle scalenes?

Answer 18

Anterior rami (C3-7)

Question 19

What is the nerve supply for anterior scalenes?

Answer 19

Anterior rami (C4-7)

Question 20

What are the attachments for Levator scapulae?

Answer 20

Upper portion, medial border of scapula

Transverse processses of C1-4

Question 21

What are the actions of Levator scapulae?

Answer 21

Elevates scapula
Bilateral cervical extension
Unilateral cervical side flexion

Question 22

What is the nerve supply of the Levator scapulae?

Answer 22

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-5)
Anterior rami (C3-4)

Question 23

What are the attachments of the upper trapezius>

Answer 23

Superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Ligamentum nuchae

Lateral 1/3 clavicle

Question 24

What are the actions of the upper trapezius?

Answer 24

Scapula elevation
Unilateral cervical side flexion
Bilateral cervical extension

Question 25

What is the nerve supply of the upper trapezius/

Answer 25

Accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11)

Question 26

What are the actions of the erector spinae?

Answer 26

Bilateral spinal extension Unilateral spinal side flexion Unilateral cervical rotation

Question 27

What are the attachments of Splenius cervicis?

Answer 27

Spinous processes T3-6 Transverse processes C1-3

Question 28

What are the actions of Splenius cervicis?

Answer 28

Bilateral cervical extension Unilateral Ipsilateral cervical rotation

Question 29

What is the nerve supply of the Splenius cervicis?

Answer 29

Posterior rami (lower cranial nerves)

Question 30

What are the attachments of the Splenius capitis?

Answer 30

Lower 1/2 ligamentum nuchae Spinous processes C7-T4 Mastoid process Skull inferior to lateral 1/3 superior nuchal line

Question 31

What are the actions of the Splenius capitis?

Answer 31

Bilateral cervical extension Unilateral Ipsilateral cervical rotation

Question 32

What is the nerve supply of the Splenius capitis?

Answer 32

Posterior rami (middle cranial nerves)

Question 33

What muscles are included in the suboccipital muscles?

Answer 33

Rectus capitis posterior major Rectus capitis posterior minor Obliquus capitis superior Obliquus capitis inferior

Question 34

What is suboccipital muscles?

Answer 34

A small group of deep muscles in the upper cervical region They connect C1, C2 and the occiput

Question 35

What is the nerve supply of the suboccipital muscles?

Answer 35

Posterior rami (C1)

Question 36

What are the actions of rectus capitis posterior major?

Answer 36

Bilateral extension of the head Unilateral Ipsilateral rotation of the head

Question 37

What are the actions of the rectus capitis posterior minor?

Answer 37

Extension of the head

Question 38

What are the actions of the Obliquus capitis superior?

Answer 38

Bilateral extension of the head Unilateral Ipsilateral side flexion

Question 39

What is the action of the Obliquus capitis inferior?

Answer 39

Unilateral Ipsilateral rotation

Question 40

What are the 5 segmental muscles?

Answer 40

Semispinalis Rotatores Multifidus Interspinales Intertransversarii