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M Eval > Cervical Spine > Flashcards

Cervical Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Divisions of Cervical Spine

A

Cervicoencephalic/cervicocranial/craniovertebral

atlanto-occipital (C0-C1)
Antlanto-axial (C1-C2)
Cervicobrachial (C3-C7)

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2
Q

Majority of cervical rot. Occurs here

A

Cervicocephalic Region

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3
Q

more ligaments found this area compared to cervicobrachial area

A

Cervicocephalic Region

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4
Q

Cervicocephalic Region, Injury can lead to:
cognitive dysfunction :?
cranial nerve dysfunction : ?
sympathetic system dysfunction

A

Injury can lead to:
cognitive dysfunction : slower to response
cranial nerve dysfunction : brainstem
sympathetic system dysfunction

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4
Q

Most mobile articulations of spine

A

Atlanto-axial

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5
Q

Connects C2 to C0 (ligament)

A

Tectorial Membrane

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5
Q

Hangman’s fracture may occur at what level of the cervical region?

A

C2

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5
Q

Atlanto-axial, Principal motion:
Flex - Extend (?? deg) ;
side flexion (?? deg) ;
Rotation (?? deg) primary movement

A

Flex - Extend (10 deg) ;
side flexion (5 deg) ;
Rotation (50 deg) primary movement

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5
Q

COMMON SITE OF ARTHRITIS in the cervical region

A

RA - C4 & C5
OA - C5 & C6

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5
Q

jefferson’s fracture is located at what level of the cervical region?

A

C1

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6
Q

T or F
C5 - C7 most mobile (Whole Cervical Region)

A

FALSE
C5 - C6 most mobile (Whole Cervical Region)

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7
Q

Clay Shoveler’s fracture may occur at what level of the cervical region?

A

C7

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7
Q

Tests the integrity of the tectorial membrane

A

Pettman’s Distraction Test

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

make up 25% of cervical spine height
lordotic shape of cervical spine

A

Intervertebral discs

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8
Q

CERVICOBRACHIAL REGION is C?-C?

A

CERVICOBRACHIAL REGION involved C3-C7

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8
Q

Intervertebral discs
Inner portion = ??
Outer Portion = ???
*There is no disc between occiput and c1, even in c1 and c2

A

Inner portion = Nucleus Pulposus
Outer Portion = Annulus Fibrosus
There is no disc between occiput and c1, even in c1 and c2

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8
Q

T or F
Disc = segment above
Nerve = Segment below

A

TRUE

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8
Q

Spondylolysis is ?
Pain: Unilateral or Bilateral?

A

Spondylolysis is a stress fracture through the pars interarticularis of the lumbar vertebrae’
Pain: Unilateral

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9
Q

Spondylosis occurs beacuse of?
Disc thins

A

Wear and tear, Age, occupational factors

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9
Q

anterior slippage of the vertebrae is called?
narrowing of space - spinal cord and nerves are affected?

A

Spondylolisthesis - ant slippage of vertebral disc
Stenosis - spinal stenosis ; narrowing of space - spinal cord and nerves are affected (pain: uni or bilateral)

9
Q

Passes through transverse processes
supplies 20% of blood supply to brain
Can be compressed by osteophyte formation of injury to facet joint

A

VERTEBRAL ARTERY

9
Q

T or F
VERTEBRAL ARTERY can’t be stressed by rotation, extension, and lateral flexion and traction movement

A

FASLE
can be stressed by rotation, extension, and lateral flexion and traction movement

10
Q

What is the Resting position, Closed Packed, and Capsular pattern of the cervical region/spine??

A

Resting: Midway between flexion and extension
Closed packed: Full extension
Capsular pattern: Side flexion and rotation equally limited extension

10
Q

: one vertebra is slipped under the vertebra
stenosis spinal cord

A

spondylolisthesis

10
Q

Normal posture of the Head and Neck?

A

normal posture : ear in line with shoulder and forehead vertical

10
Q

upper crossed syndrome muscle imbalance resulting from?

A

upper crossed syndrome muscle imbalance resulting from \
tight and weak muscles crossing the upper part of the body

11
Q

In the forward head posture what muscles are tight?

A

tight: capital extensors
rectus capitis posterior
rectus capitis obliquus
cervical flexors: SCM, scalenes

11
Q

In forward head posture what muscles are weak?

A

WEAK: deep neck flexors
rectus capitis ant. lateralis

11
Q

What position of the pt has the most ROM?>

A

Supine

12
Q

FUNCTIONALASSESSMENT

A

ADLs
functional strength tests
whiplash disability questionnaire (WDQ)
bournemouth questionnaire
neck disability index (NDI)

12
Q

OM’s = interpretation of scores
⬆️ score = ? progress
⬆️ score = ? disability

A

OM’s = interpretation of scores
⬆️ score = ⬆️ progress
⬆️ score = ⬆️ disability

12
Q

SPECIAL TESTS:

A

muscle strength
neurological symptoms
myelopathy
vascular signs
cervical instability
cervical spine mobility
first rib mobility

12
Q

in special test how many test do you perform for Rule in and Rule out?

A

2 rule in, 1 rule out

12
Q

What nerve is being tested?
ULTT 1 =
ULTT 2 =
ULTT 3 =
ULTT 4 =

A

ULTT 1 = median nerve, ant. interosseous nerve, c5, c6,c7
ULTT 2= median, axillary, and musculocutaneous nerve
ULTT 3 = radial nerve
ULTT 4 = ulnar

12
Q

important component of cervical spine assessment
not proven to be conclusive affective in indicating stretching and occlusion of the vertebral artery or internal carotid artery

A

VASCULAR “CLEARING” TESTS

13
Q

do decrease risk of catastrophic complications when doing end-range mobilization or manipulation
test patient in position in which treatment will be hiven

A

VASCULAR “CLEARING” TESTS

13
Q

ROM of Flexion/Extension of the Neck/cervical region?

A

0-45 deg

13
Q

Rom of Rotation of the Neck/Cervical area?

A

?? - 60 deg

14
Q

What region is the c3-c7 called?

A

Cervicobrachial

15
Q

How many facet joints are in the cervical spine?

A

14

15
Q

Uncinate Joint
false type of joint d/t degradation of IV disc
uncus gives saddle form to upper aspect of cervical vertebrae

A

Joints of Luschka

15
Q

Joints of Luschka limits what movement?

A

Flexion

15
Q
A
15
Q
A
15
Q
A
15
Q
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Q
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15
Q
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M Eval (15 decks)

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