Cervicothoracic Spine I

Question 1

With ___________ stiff areas may not be painful

A. hypermobility
B. hypomobility

Answer 1

B.

Question 1

If hypomobile areas in the body are not addressed, it will usually cause painful _____________ compensations

Answer 1

hypermobile

Question 1

You should ________ stiff areas for more distributed motion

Answer 1

mobilize

Question 2

With hypermobile areas, they are usually painful because …..?

Answer 2

bc the axis of motion is less controlled

Question 3

You should _________ hypermobile areas, particularly which muscles?

Answer 3

stabilize

deeper/local muscles

Question 4

When treating patients, you should always address the ________ joints/areas

Answer 4

adjacent

Question 5

Facet joints determine ______ and amount of _______

Answer 5

direction; motion

Question 6

O-C2 is the ________ cervical spine

Answer 6

upper

Question 7

O-C2 is usually in the ________ plane

Answer 7

transverse

Question 8

O-C2 favors ________ particuraly at __-____

Answer 8

rotation; C1-C2

Question 9

C2-C7 is the _______ cervical spine

Answer 9

lower

Question 10

C2-C7 is between the _______ and ________ planes

Answer 10

frontal; transverse

Question 11

C2-C7 favors all ________ rather _______

A. planes; equally
B. motions; unilaterally
C. motions; equally

Answer 11

C. motions; equally

Question 12

The upper thoracic spine is MOSTLY in the _________ plane

Answer 12

frontal

Question 13

What part of the body limits a greater SB in upper thoracic spine?

Answer 13

ribs

Question 14

What motion is the greatest in the upper thoracic spine? What’s the least?

Answer 14

rotation…followed by SB, FLX and least with EXT

Question 15

Rotation by segment: Thoracic

Most at ____ and _____
Least at ____and____

Answer 15

T5-T10
T11-T12

Question 16

What are the 4 variables for stabilization?

Answer 16

1. joint integrity (cartilage)
2. passive stiffness (ligaments)
3. neural input
4. muscle function

Question 17

Global muscles are _______

A. deep
B. superficial

Answer 17

B.

Question 18

Local muscles are ____

A. deep
B. superficial

Answer 18

A.

Question 19

_______ muscles are further from AOM, anaerobic, and have type II fibers

*These are known as the rotary/mirror muscles

Answer 19

Global

Question 20

_______ muscles are closer to AOM, aerobic, and type I fibers

*These are known as the postural/stabilization muscles

Answer 20

Local

Question 21

Longus Colli and Suboccipitals are _______ muscles

Answer 21

local

Question 22

If your multifidus and rotatores are smaller, you are at risk for what?

Answer 22

higher injury rate

Question 23

Pelvic floor and transversus abdominus- increases contraction of which muscle?

Answer 23

Multifidus

Question 24

What are the 4 causes for inhibited muscles?

Answer 24

P! Swelling Joint Laxity Disuse

Question 25

With inhibited muscles, there will be delayed motor ________ and _________ of the local muscles

Answer 25

activation; coordination

Question 26

With local muscle atrophy, _______ starts to decline

Answer 26

strength

Question 27

If a muscle starts to have a low supply what will happen?

Answer 27

other muscles will start to become overworked

Question 28

With local muscles inhibited, the _______ muscle’s use will increase and have insufficient motor activity

Answer 28

global

Question 29

With inhibited muscles, there with be decreased cervical proprioception (position sense) and ___________

Answer 29

kinesthesia (motion sense)

Question 30

With inhibited muscles it will cause increased stress on _______ structures A. contractile B. non-contractile

Answer 30

B.

Question 31

Muscle activation of ____% is sufficient to keep stability and can improve muscular endurance

Answer 31

30

Question 32

________ _________ is a set of observable pain characteristics of an individual resulting from body and environment interaction

Answer 32

pain phenotyping

Question 33

Nociceptive P! is a _________ tissue compromise A. nervous B. non-nervous

Answer 33

B.

Question 34

What is a common nociceptive condition that causes P! from the spine?

Answer 34

Spondylogenic

Question 35

___________ P! is local & referred from noxious stimulation of spine structures

Answer 35

Nociceptive

Question 36

Does nociceptive P! cause visceral dysfunction?

Answer 36

NO

Question 37

With somatic convergence, sensory afferents converge and share what?

Answer 37

same innervation

Question 38

Somatic convergence is a greater referral of ______ and _______ structures A. superficial; distal B. proximal; deep

Answer 38

B.

Question 39

Non-segmental P! means what?

Answer 39

not from the spinal n.

Question 40

How would your pt. describe non-segmental pain?

Answer 40

vague, deep, achy, and boring

Question 41

With non-segmental pain, the neuro scan would be ______

Answer 41

WNL

Question 42

Viscerogenic P! is referred P! from where?

Answer 42

an organ

Question 43

_________ __________ is when the viscera and somatic (body) sensory afferent and CONVERGE and SHARE same inn.

Answer 43

Viscerosomatic convergence

Question 44

With neuropathic P!, the _______ tissue is compromised

Answer 44

nervous

Question 45

____________ is ectopic or abnormal discharge from HIGHLY INFLAMMED spinal n. (dorsal root) and is NOT common

Answer 45

Radicular P!

Question 46

What are the symptoms for radicular pain?

Answer 46

electrical shock P! an is narrow

Question 47

Dural mobility would be + or - for radicular pain?

Answer 47

+

Question 48

____________ is decreased conduction of spinal n. due to compression and/or inflammation

Answer 48

radiculopathy

Question 49

_____________ is involved wth segmental paresthesia; + neuro scan (hypoactivity); slow progression; constant and long duration A. radicular P! B. radiculopathy

Answer 49

B.

Question 50

___________ P! decreased conduction of n. branch (Ex: median n. w/ carpal tunnel syndrome)

Answer 50

peripheral

Question 51

____________ P! is involved with non-segmental paresthesia and is often intermittent and has short duration

Answer 51

Peripheral

Question 52

With peripheral nerve pain: dermatomes, DTRs, and myotomes would be WNL, why?

Answer 52

it does not involve spinal nerves

Question 53

With peripheral nerve P! there will be _________ sensation along peripheral n. distribution

Answer 53

decreased

Question 54

Peripheral P! would be _____ with dural mobility

Answer 54

+

Question 55

__________ P! is altered P! perception w/o evidence of an actual threat to tissue

Answer 55

nociplastic