Ch 06 Flashcards
T/F
Protein is a primary source of energy for our body.
False
T/F
Amino acid supplements help build muscle mass.
False
T/F
Any protein eaten in excess is excreted in your urine.
False
T/F
Most people in the United States consume more protein that they need.
True
T/F
Vegetarian diets are inadequate in protein.
False
The portion of an amino acid that contains nitrogen is called the:
A) acid group.
B) nitrate cluster.
C) amine group.
D) side chain.
amine group.
Nonessential amino acids are:
A) amino acids that the body is unable to synthesize.
B) amino acids such as phenylalanine that the body cannot metabolize.
C) amino acids that the body does not need for normal functioning.
D) amino acids that the body is able to synthesize in sufficient quantities to meet its needs.
amino acids that the body is able to synthesize in sufficient quantities to meet its needs.
The process of combining peanut butter and whole-wheat bread to make a complete protein is called:
A) deamination.
B) vegetarianism.
C) mutual supplementation.
D) transamination.
mutual supplementation.
Polypeptides in the small intestine are broken down by:
A) phosphofructokinase.
B) pepsin.
C) hydrochloric acid.
D) proteases.
proteases
Proteins:
A) are converted by the liver to urea, which is transported to the kidneys for excretion in urine.
B) and carbohydrates are the body’s two primary sources of energy.
C) contribute about 28% of an average adult’s energy needs.
D) are taken from the blood and body tissues when needed for energy.
are taken from the blood and body tissues when needed for energy.
Alyson is a 22-year-old vegetarian athlete training to compete in the New York City marathon. Her daily recommended protein intake is about:
A) 1.2 to 1.4 grams per kilogram of body weight.
B) 0.9 to 1.0 grams per kilogram of body weight.
C) 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight.
D) 1.3 to 1.5 grams per kilogram of body weight.
1.3 to 1.5 grams per kilogram of body weight.
Which of the following statements about high protein diets is true?
A) Research evidence linking high-protein diets to an increased risk for heart attacks and strokes is conclusive.
B) Both a and b are true.
C) Research evidence linking high-protein diets to an increased risk for bone fractures is conclusive.
D) Research suggests that higher intakes of animal and soy protein protect bone in older women.
Research suggests that higher intakes of animal and soy protein protect bone in older women.
Which of the following is a good source of protein, fiber, and healthful, unsaturated fats?
A) skim milk
B) walnuts
C) red meat
D) green, leafy vegetables
walnuts
Which of the following meals would be appropriate in a balanced and adequate vegan diet?
A) egg salad on whole-wheat toast, broccoli, carrot sticks, and soy milk
B) brown rice and green tea
C) veggie dog, bun, and a banana–yogurt milkshake
D) rice, pinto beans, acorn squash, soy butter, and almond milk
rice, pinto beans, acorn squash, soy butter, and almond milk
In sickle cell anemia:
A) a single amino acid in hemoglobin is changed.
B) normal blood flow is disrupted.
C) red blood cells lose their characteristic doughnutlike shape.
D) all of the above are true.
all of the above are true.
T/F
Lecithin is a sterol found in egg yolks and is emulsified by bile.
False
T/F
Trans fatty acids are produced by food manufacturers; they do not occur in nature.
True
During a long bike ride, lipids are mobilized from adipose tissue for use as energy.
False
T/F
Buffers help the body maintain acid–base balance.
True
T/F
Athletes typically require about three times as much protein as nonactive people.
False
What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat?
A) nitrogen
B) hydrogen
C) oxygen
D) carbon
A) nitrogen
What dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body?
A) the body’s need for a protein
B) the combination of proteins consumed in the diet
C) the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell
D) the number of essential amino acids available
C) the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell
The bond that is formed when two amino acids join together is called _____.
A) a di-protein bond
B) a protein bond
C) an amino acid bond
D) a peptide bond
D) a peptide bond
A chain of two amino acids is referred to as a ______.
A) dipeptide
B) double amino acid
C) duo-peptide
D) double protein
A) dipeptide