Ch 08 01 Flashcards
(40 cards)
- On average, how many separate bones make up the adult vertebral column?
a. 33
b. 28
c. 26
d. 31
Answer: c. 26
- The spinal cord tapers off to a point distally at the vertebral level of:
a. lower L5
b. L3-4 intervertebral space
c. L1-2
d. L4-5 intervertebral space
Answer: c. L1-2
- Which of the following is the first compensatory spinal curvature to develop in the young child?
a. Thoracic
b. Cervical
c. Sacral
d. Lumbar
Answer: b. Cervical
- Scoliosis is defined as an abnormal or exaggerated _____ curvature.
a. concave
b. convex
c. lateral
d. “swayback” lumbar
Answer: c. lateral
- Kyphosis is defined as a(n):
a. normal lumbar curvature
b. normal convex sacral curvature
c. normal compensatory curve of the thoracic spine
d. abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity
Answer: d. abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity
- The bony structures connected directly to the vertebral body are the:
a. pedicles
b. articular processes
c. laminae
d. transverse processes
Answer: a. pedicles
- The most posterior aspect of a typical vertebra is the:
a. pedicle
b. spinous process
c. lamina
d. body
Answer: b. spinous process
- The joints between articular processes of vertebra are termed _____ joints.
a. zygapophyseal
b. fibrous
c. intervertebral
d. synarthrodial
Answer: a. zygapophyseal
- Which aspect of the intervertebral disk is composed of semigelatinous material?
a. Nucleus pulposus
b. Annulus fibrosus
c. Conus medullaris
d. Cauda equina
Answer: a. Nucleus pulposus
- Which of the following statements is true?
a. All adult vertebrae are separated by intervertebral disks.
b. All thoracic vertebrae possess either a facet or demifacets for rib articulation.
c. The intervertebral disks are tightly bound to the vertebral bodies to prevent movement within the vertebral column.
d. All of the options.
Answer: b. All thoracic vertebrae possess either a facet or demifacets for rib articulation.
- Which of the following statements is true for a typical adult vertebra?
a. The transverse processes extend laterally from the junction of the pedicles and laminae.
b. The transverse processes are present only on thoracic vertebrae containing rib connections.
c. The spinous process extends posteriorly from the body of the vertebra.
d. All of the options are true statements.
Answer: a. The transverse processes extend laterally from the junction of the pedicles and laminae.
- Which of the following features makes the cervical vertebra unique as compared with other vertebrae of the spine?
a. Transverse foramina and double (bifid) tips on spinous processes
b. Overlapping vertebral bodies
c. Presence of zygapophyseal joints
d. All of the options
Answer: d. All of the options
- Where is the articular pillar located on a cervical vertebra?
a. Between the superior and inferior articular processes
b. Between the pedicle and the body
c. Between the spinous process and the lamina
d. Nowhere
Answer: a. Between the superior and inferior articular processes
- Which of the following best defines or describes the vertebral body of C1?
a. The smallest of all vertebral bodies
b. A column of bone supported by an intervertebral disk
c. A large bony mass
d. There is no vertebral body at C1.
Answer: d. There is no vertebral body at C1.
- Which of the following thoracic vertebra(e) possess(es) no facets for costotransverse joints?
a. T9-10
b. T11-12
c. T1
d. None of the options
Answer: b. T11-12
- The zygapophyseal joints for the typical cervical vertebra lie at an angle of ____ in relation to the midsagittal plane.
a. 45 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 70 to 75 degrees
d. 90 degrees
Answer: d. 90 degrees
- The most prominent aspect of the thyroid cartilage corresponds to the vertebral level of:
a. C5
b. C1-2
c. C6-7
d. C7-T1
Answer: a. C5
- The zygapophyseal joints for the thoracic spine lie at an angle of ____ in relation to the midsagittal plane.
a. 45 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 70 to 75 degrees
d. 90 degrees
Answer: c. 70 to 75 degrees
- T2-3 intervertebral disk space is found:
a. at the level of the jugular notch
b. at the level of the sternal angle
c. at the level of the xiphoid process
d. 2 inches (5 cm) below the jugular notch
Answer: a. at the level of the jugular notch
- The gonion corresponds to the vertebral level of:
a. C1
b. C4-5
c. C3
d. C7
Answer: c. C3
- The xiphoid process corresponds to the vertebral level of:
a. T8
b. T9-10
c. T7
d. T12
Answer: b. T9-10
- Along with increasing the source–image receptor distance (SID), what other factor(s) will improve spatial resolution for lateral and oblique projections of the cervical spine?
a. Increasing object–image receptor distance (OID)
b. Using a small focal spot
c. Using higher kVp, lower mAs
d. Using a breathing technique
Answer: b. Using a small focal spot
- Which of the following pathologic conditions is defined as “a condition of the spine characterized by rigidity of a vertebral joint”?
a. Spondylitis
b. Ankylosing spondylitis
c. Spondylosis
d. Scheuermann disease
Answer: c. Spondylosis
- Which of the following clinical conditions will require a decrease in analog manual technical factors?
a. Advanced osteoporosis
b. Severe scoliosis
c. Moderate lordosis
d. Scheuermann disease
Answer: a. Advanced osteoporosis
