Ch 1 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Roadmap [placeholder]
Testing vs Assessment
Parties involved in testing
Different types of testing/tests
What is a psychological assessment?
“Measurement is the assessment of numbers to objects or events according to rules” (Stevens)
“Measurement is the process of linking abstract concepts to empirical indicants” (Zeller & Carmines)
Psychological Assessment is…
The assessment of individual differences and personal experiences
- Characteristics
- Attitudes
- Mental Health Symptoms
- Behaviors
Some are “states” and some are “traits”
Measurement Process
Psychological Construct -> Measure -> Collect Raw Data
Testing In Psychology
Process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior
Psychological Assessment
Gathering and integrating psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation through tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures
The objective of testing
To obtain some gauge usually numerical in nature, regarding an ability or attribute
The objective of assessment
To answer a referral question, solve a problem, or arrive at a decision through the tools of evaluation
Dynamic Assessment
Typically employed in educational settings but may also be used in correctional, corporate, neuropsychological, clinical, and other settings
Stages of Dynamic Assessment
Evaluation -> Intervention -> Evaluation
Test
A psychological test is a device or procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology (e.g., intelligence, attitudes, personality, and interests)
Psychological tests vary by content, format, technical quality, and administration, scoring, and interpretation procedures
Content
The subject matter of the test varies with the focus of the particular test and based on the theoretical orientation of different test developers
Format
The form, plan, structure, layout of test items, and other considerations (e.g., time limits)
Administration
Tests may either involve the demonstration of certain tasks demanded of the assessed and trained observation of performance or may not require the involvement of test administrators
Scoring and Interpretation
Scoring of tests may be simple, such as summing responses to items
May require more elaborate procedures
Some tests results can be interpreted easily or interpreted by computer, whereas other tests require expertise for proper interpretation
Cut Score
A reference point, usually numerical, used to divide data into two or more classifications (e.g., pass or fail)
Psychometrics
The science of psychological measurement
Psychometric Soundness
How consistent and accurately the test measures what it claims to measure
Psychometrists or Psychometricians
Administers psychological and neuropsychological tests
Interview
A method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange
Portfolio
A file containing the products of one’s work; it may serve as a sample of one’s abilities and accomplishments
Case history data
Information preserved in records, transcripts, and/or other forms
Behavioral observation
Monitoring the actions of people through visual or electronic means
Local processing
Scoring done on site
