Ch 13 and 14 Clinical, Counseling, and Neuropsychological Assessments Flashcards
(46 cards)
Clinical vs Counseling Psychology [placeholder]
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Clinical
- Primarily concerned with severe forms of pathology
- Major Depression, Schizophrenia
Counseling
Primarily concerned with everyday problems Ex: relationship or occupational problems
Purposes of Assessment
- Clarify the psychological problem
- Make a diagnosis (DSM-5)
- Design treatment
- Perhaps make placement recommendations
Assessment Tools
- Interviews
- Tests
- Case History Data
- Observations (by self or others)
After you assess, findings must be interpreted, and a lot of graduate school clinical training involves learning about the interpretation
Interviewing
Generally includes info on:
- Demographics
- Reason for referral
- Medical info (past, present, & familial)
- Psychological info (past, present, & familial)
Interviewing
Importance of both content and process
- Content is what you say
- Process is how you say it (also nonverbal behavior)
Interviewing
Importance of both content and process
- Content is what you say
- Process is how you say it (also nonverbal behavior)
- Variation related to structured
Varied Interview Structures [Placeholder]
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Unstructured
- Flexible
- Gather in-depth info
- Need skilled interviewer
Semi-structured
- Some flexibility
- May be lengthy
Structured
- Useful for screening
- Little skill needed
- Increased reliability (often)
The Interview in Clinical Assessment (General Interview Questions)
- Demographic data
- Reason for referral
- Medical history and present medical conditions
- Familial medical history
- Psychological history and present psychological conditions
- History with medical or psychological professionals
Structured
- Useful for screening
- Little skill needed
- Increased reliability (often)
The Interview in Clinical Assessment (General Interview Questions)
- Demographic data
- Reason for referral
- Medical history and present medical conditions
- Familial medical history
- Psychological history and present psychological conditions
- History with medical or psychological professionals
Mental Status Examination
An examination intended to screen for intellectual, emotional, and neurological deficits
The Psychological Report
Psychological reports vary depending on their purpose
Barnum effect
The finding that people tend to accept vague personality descriptions as accurate descriptions of themselves
Clinical prediction
The application of a clinician’s own training and clinical experience as a determining factor in clinical judgement and actions
Mechanical prediction
Clinical prediction
The application of a clinician’s own training and clinical experience as a determining factor in clinical judgement and actions
Mechanical prediction
The application of empirically demonstrated statistical rules and probabilities to the computer generation of findings and recommendations
Mechanical prediction
The application of empirically demonstrated statistical rules and probabilities to the computer generation of findings and recommendations
- Grove et al (2000) - a meta-analysis of 136 studies
- Mechanical approach about 10% more accurate than clinical approach
Forensic Assessment
Psychological evaluation in a legal context
Differs from “regular” clinical practice
- Your “client” may not be the assessee
– Who gets the results?
– What’s confidential?
- Assessee MAY NOT be a willing participant!
– Who Pays?
