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Anatomy Ch. 1-3 > Ch. 1 > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Inspection

A

Identify changes from normal

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2
Q

Percussion

A

Hollow vs. solid sounds

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3
Q

Ascultation

A

stethoscope

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4
Q

Palpation

A

touch

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5
Q

No ill effects, real-time image, not good clarity, uses high frequency soundwaves and echoes

A

Ultrasound

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6
Q

lighted instrument w/ lens, good image

A

Endoscopy

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7
Q

quick, simple, 2 dimensional, inexpensive

A

x-ray

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8
Q

inserts injected into body make hollow organs visible

A

contrast x-ray

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9
Q

x-ray that is better at soft tissue and organ detail because the x-ray source rotates around the body and completes revolutions; 3 D

A

computed tomography (CT)

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10
Q

not as detailed for bones, magnet source, not for patients with metal in the body, BEST at soft tissue resolution

A

MRI

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11
Q

Look at physiology, metabolism, examine activity levels, dark = metabolicly active

A

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

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12
Q

metabolic activity of tissues, shows tissue activity

A

Radionucleotide Scanning

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13
Q

One system at a time, relating back to systems

A

Systemic approach to study anatomy, what we use

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14
Q

visible with unaided eye

A

gross

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15
Q

slides of tissues and cells

A

microscopic

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16
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism

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17
Q

The relative constancy of the internal environment of the body even with external fluctuations

A

Homeostasis

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18
Q

T or F: size of system correlates with its importance

A

F

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19
Q

Why is anatomical position so important?

A

So there is a standard everyone references when discussing location of organs within the body/starting point

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20
Q

Regions of the body?

A

Head, neck, trunk, upper extremities, lower extremities

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21
Q

Subdivisions of the trunk

A

Thorax/chest, abdomen, pelvis

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22
Q

Organs in Right Upper Quadrant

A

liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portions of stomach, small and large intestine

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23
Q

Organs in LUQ

A

left lobe of liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of small and large intestine

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24
Q

Where do quadrant lines intersect?

A

Umbilicus

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25
Organs in RLQ
cecum (part of large intestine), appendix, portions of small intestine, reproductive organs (right home in females, right spermatic cord in males), right ureter
26
Organs in LLQ
most of small intestine and portions of large intestine, reproductive organs (left ovary in females and left spermatic cord in males), left ureter
27
Chondro-
cartilage
28
T or F: the femoral region is superior to the pedal region
F, use proximal or distal when concerning extremities
29
Divides body into anterior and posterior
Frontal/Coronal
30
Divides body into left and right
Mid-saggital
31
To the right or left of the mid-saggital line
para-saggital
32
Divides body into superior and inferior
Transverse
33
Organs in dorsal cavity
brain and spinal cord
34
Sections of ventral cavity
Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
35
Sections of thoracic cavity
pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, and mediastinum
36
Pleural cavity contains...
area surrounding the lungs
37
Pericardial cavity
space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart`
38
Mediastinum contains...
central portion of the thoracic cavity contains the heart
39
Abdominal cavity...
contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, most of large intestine
40
Pelvic cavity...
contains bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction
41
Viscera (organs)
Organs in the thoracic cavity and the abdominal pelvic cavity
42
Two parts of serous membrane
visceral/parietal and pleura, pericardial, peritoneal
43
Encloses organs
visceral
44
Lines body wall
parietal
45
pleura
lungs
46
pericardial
heart
47
peritoneal
abdominopelvic / abdominal
48
visceral pleura
outer surface of lungs
49
parietal pleura
wall of body right outside the lungs
50
visceral pericardium
outer surface of the heart
51
parietal pericardium
wall of body outside of heart
52
visceral peritoneum
membrane on the outer surface of the stomach, SI, LI, organs in the abdominal cavity
53
parietal peritoneum
wall of body outside of abdominal organs
54
serous membranes of the abdominal cavity
peritoneum
55
large fat-filled folds that fold over one another in the peritoneum
peritoneal folds
56
Functions of peritoneal folds
bind organs to one another, support/stabilize position of organs in the abdominal cavity, provide route for blood vessels to and from these organs
57
greater omentum
Attached to greater curve of stomach, lots of adipose tissue
58
lesser omentum
attaches to lesser curvature of stomach, connects stomach to the liver
59
falciform ligament
between right and left lobes of liver, attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall
60
messentary (proper)
connects to small intestine to posterior abdominal wall
61
transverse mesocolon
attach transverse portion of colon to posterior abdominal wall
62
sigmoid mesocolon
attach sigmoid portion of colon to posterior abdominal wall
63
What are retroperitoneal organs?
Organs behind the peritoneal cavity
64
Name some retroperitoneal organs using SAD PUCKER
``` Suprarenal (adrenal) glands Aorta/Inferior Vena Cava Duodenum (second and third segments) Pancreas Ureters Colon (ascending and descending only) Kidneys Esophagus Rectum ```

Anatomy Ch. 1-3 (2 decks)

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