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Patho Test 1 Evolve/Elsevier > Ch. 1 Cellular Biology > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Cellular Biology Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following terms best describes the following process: "Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and act on the postsynaptic target"?
  Chemical synapse 
  Paracrine signaling
  Autocrine signaling
  Autostimulation
A

Chemical synapse

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2
Q 
Which of the following is NOT in the category of prokaryotes?
  Fungi
  Bacteria
  Rickettsiae
  Cyanobacteria Incorrect
A

Fungi

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3
Q 
Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding a eukaryotic cell?
  They are smaller than prokaryotes.
  They contain organelles. 
  They lack a nucleus.
  They lack histones.
A

The contain organelles

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4
Q 
Which of the following is the best description of the function of the histone in the eukaryote?
  Cell division
  Cell movement
  Direction of cell activities
  Folding of DNA
A

Folding of DNA

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5
Q 
Which of the following is another name for the outer membrane of the eukaryotic cell?
  Nucleolus
  Plasma membrane
  Cytoplasm
  Cytosol
A

Plasma Membrane

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6
Q 
Which of the following is synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm?
  Endoplasmic reticulum
  Cisternae
  Ribosome
  Lysosome
A

Ribosome

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7
Q 
Which of the following is the appropriate term for the organelle that is responsible for cellular energy metabolism?
  Golgi complex
  Mitochondria
  Endoplasmic reticulum
  Nucleolus
A

Mitochondria

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8
Q 
Which of the following is the best description of an amphipathic molecule?
  Hydrophobic
  Hydrophilic
  Hydrophobic and hydrophilic
  Nonpolar
A

Hydrophobic and Hydrophillic

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9
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a function of a protein?
  Pores or transport channels
  Enzymes that drive pumps
  Cell surface markers 
  Synapses for cells
A

Synapses for cells

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10
Q 
Which of the following is an appropriate definition of a cellular receptor?
  Located only in the nucleus
  Binds with any molecule
  Delivers a protein to the cell surface
  Binds with ligands
A

Binds with ligands

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11
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a component of the extracellular matrix?
  Collagen
  Elastin
  Fibronectin
  Desmosomes
A

Desmosomes

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12
Q

Which of the following best describes a desmosome?
Is a barrier to diffusion
Holds cells together by continuous bands
Is a communicating tunnel
Functions as a zona occludens

A

Holds cells together by continuous bands

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13
Q 
Which of the following terms best describes the following process: "Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and act on the postsynaptic target"?
  Chemical synapse
  Paracrine signaling
  Autocrine signaling
  Autostimulation
A

Chemical synapse

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14
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a function of signaling cascades?
  Transfer signal
  Distribute signal
  Delete signal
  Amplify signal
A

Delete signal

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15
Q

Which describes the function of a second messenger?
Extracellular ligand that binds with membrane-bound receptors
Intracellular enzyme activated by binding of ligand to cell surface receptors that trigger a cascade of intracellular events
Chemical messenger that opens specific channels in the cell membrane
Chemical messenger that blocks a membrane-bound receptor signal

A

Intracellular enzyme activated by binding of ligand to cell surface receptors that trigger a cascade of intracellular events

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16
Q

Which of the following statements regarding cellular energy is correct?
Glycolysis is the building of sugar molecules.
Oxidative cellular metabolism is a single reaction making ATP.
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen.

A

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria

17
Q

Which of the following is the best description of the term diffusion?
Movement of a solute molecule from high to low concentration
Movement of water down a concentration gradient
Movement of water and solute down a concentration gradient
Mechanical pressure of water pushing against the cellular membrane

A

Movement of a solute molecule from high to low concentration

18
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration (more dilute) than body solution.
A hypertonic solution has a lower concentration (more dilute) than body solution.
Osmolality is a measure of the concentration of molecules per volume of solution.
Osmolarity is a measure of the concentration of molecules per weight of water.

A

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration (more dilute) than body solution

19
Q 
What is the appropriate term for "energy-releasing process"?
  Anabolism
  Catabolism
  Substrate
  Second messenger
A

Catabolism

20
Q

Which of the following is the best definition for the term chemotaxis?
Second messenger system
Autostimulation
Movement of cells along a chemical gradient
Pass-it-on signal

A

Movement of cells along a chemical gradient

21
Q

Which of the following statements regarding transport across membranes is TRUE?
Diffusion requires a significant energy input.
Mediated transport involves a receptor with a high degree of specificity.
Active transport moves molecules down a concentration gradient.
Facilitated transport expends energy.

A

Mediated transport involves a receptor with a high degree of specificity

22
Q 
Which of the following terms best describes the simultaneous movement of two molecules in one direction?
  Symport 
  Antiport
  Uniport
  Diffusion
A

Symport

Patho Test 1 Evolve/Elsevier (19 decks)

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