Ch 1 Immune Mechanisms Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch 1 Immune Mechanisms Deck (29)
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1
Q

genes that encode MHC are located on what chromosome? B2 microglobulin?

A

6 (short arm); 15

2
Q

what order are the regions of MHC molecules encoded on chrom 6?

A

class II (HLA -DP, DQ, DR) class III, and class I (HLA- a,b,c)

3
Q

what does class III MHC polypeptide region encode?

A

complement (Factor B, C4, C2); TNFa, lymphotoxin a & b; HSP

4
Q

besides MHC II peptides, what other proteins are encoded on chrom 6 class II region

A

HLA-E (NK cell recognition), HLA-F (localized to ER and Golgi), HLA-G (on fetal derived placental cells), HLA-H (iron metabolism)

5
Q

How do HSV and CMV evade MHC I presentation?

A

block TAP; remove class I molecule from ER, respectively

6
Q

in MHC II processing, what occupies the binding cleft and what protein facilitates?

A

in ER, invariant chain is in binding cleft, cleaved to CLIP in vesicle by proteolytic enzymes, then HLA-DM (intracellular protein) removes CLIP for peptide to be bound

7
Q

IPEX

A

immune dysregulation due to mutation in foxp3; characterized by watery diarrhea, eczema and endocrinopathy

8
Q

what is Bim?

A

pro-apoptotic factor in the BCL2 family. activated by t cells binding self-antigen without costimulation. apoptosis occurs through mitochondrial pathway

9
Q

what does FasL do?

A

FasL (cd95L) binds with Fas (cd95) on same or nearby cells when t cell is self reactive. leads to apoptosis via caspase cascade

10
Q

what is Alps caused by and what is it?

A

mutation in Fas or caspase 10; lymphocytes don’t know when to die and they accumulate in lymph tissue and there are autoimmune problems

11
Q

What is the receptor for CCL5 (RANTES)

A

CCR1, 3, 5

12
Q

CCL11 (eotaxin)

A

CCR3

13
Q

CCL17 (TARC)

A

CCR4

14
Q

CXCL8 (IL8)

A

CXCR1, 2

15
Q

CCL17, CCL22

A

CCR4 (pro Th2 response)

16
Q

mutation in what confers malaria protection?

A

DARC/duffy (mutation in GATA of DARC gene)

17
Q

ICAM1

A

CD54 binds LFA1 and MAC1, binding for Rhinovirus A and B

18
Q

ICAM2

A

CD102 binds LFA1

19
Q

icam3

A

cd50 binds LFA1 and CD18

20
Q

icam4

A

CD 242 binds LFA1 and CD18

21
Q

vcam1

A

cd106 binds VLA4 (a4B1); vascular

22
Q

PECAM

A

CD 31 binds CD 31 and 38; platelets

23
Q

MadCam

A

binds mucosal addressin (a4B7); mucosa; important for gut homing

24
Q

NCAM

A

CD 56 binds VLa4 (a4B1); neuronal

25
Q

chemokine associated with heparin induced thrombocytopenia

A

CXCL4

26
Q

how is CCR5 related to HIV?

A

homozygous - NO infection; heterozygous - slow progression

27
Q

CXCR4

A

considered T trophic in HIV

28
Q

CCL3L1 and HIV

A

low level leads to higher HIV acquisition, high viral load, worse disease; also known as fractalkine and can predispose to atherosclerosis

29
Q

What is the only x linked complement deficiency?

A

properidin