Ch 1 Test Flashcards
(31 cards)
The settings influenced by historical, economic, social, and cultural factors, in which development occurs
Context
The pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life span
Development
The behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation
Culture
Comparisons of one culture with one or more other cultures
Cross-cultural studies
What are the 3 processes
Biological-changes in an individual’s body
Cognitive-changes in an individuals thought,intelligence, and language
Socioemotional -changes in an individual’s relationship with other people, changes in emotion, changes in personality
Time from conception to birth
Prenatal period
The development peridod that extends from birth to 18-24 months of age
Infancy
The developmental period that extends from the end of infancy to about 5-6 years of age
Early childhood
The developmental period of transition from childhood to early adulthood, entered at approx. 10-12 years of age and ending at 18-22
Adolescence
The developmental period that extends from about 6-11 years
Middle and late childhood
Effects due to a person’s time of birth, era, or generation but not to actual age
Cohort effects
The generation born after 1980 that is the first to come of age and enter emerging adulthood in the millennium
Millenials
The issues regarding whether developmental is primary influenced by _____ or _______.
Nature or nurture
The issues regarding whether developmental involves gradual, cumulative change or distinct stages.
Continuity and discontinuity
The issue to the degree to which early experiences or later experiences are the key determination of the child’ s development
Early and later experiences
Freud’s 5 stages
Oral Anal Phallic Latency Gential
Describe developmental as primarily unconscious and heavily colored by emotion
Psychoanalytical
A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development
Vgotsky’s theory
Emphasizes that individuals manipulate information, monitor it, and strategies about it
Information processing theory
A neutral stimulus acquires by the ability to produce a response originally produced by another stimulus
Pavlov’s classical conditioning
The consequences of a behavior produce change in the probability of the behaviors occurrences
Skinner’s operant conditioning
Stresses that behavior in strongly influenced by biology, is tied to evolution, and is characterized by critical or sensitive periods
Ethology
A controlled setting in which many of the complex factors of the real work are removed
Laboratory
Observing behavior in real world settings
Naturalistic observation
