Ch. 10-2: The Process of Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What does glycolysis mean literally?

Answer 1

sugar splitting, or sugar breaking

Question 2

In glycolysis ___ molecule of ______ gets broken down into __ molecules of _______

Answer 2

1; glucose
2; pyruvate/pyruvic acid

Question 3

glucose has _ carbon molecules; pyruvate has _

Answer 3

6; 3

Question 4

How many ATP molecules are used up by glycolysis? How many does it produce? Therefore, what is the net gain of ATP?

Answer 4

2 ATP molecules are used up
4 ATP molecules are produced
4 - 2 = a net gain of 2 ATP

Question 5

True or False: the numbers for ATP molecules in Glycolysis is always the same.

Answer 5

False; the ratio between them is the same.

Question 6

Glycolysis removes _ ______ and passes them on to ______.
Along with a hydrogen ion, that substance becomes _____

Answer 6

4 electrons
NAD+
NADH

Question 7

are the electrons high or low energy?

Answer 7

high

Question 8

is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 8

anaerobic

Question 9

name the 2 products of glycolysis

Answer 9

pyruvate
NADH

Question 10

Though there are many steps, the Krebs cycle overall breaks down _____ into _____ _______

Answer 10

pyruvate
carbon dioxide

Question 11

1st compound formed in Krebs Cycle’s chain of events

Answer 11

Citric Acid

Question 12

Where does the Krebs cycle happen?

Answer 12

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 13

Once pyruvate is inside the matrix, one of its molecule is split off to form what?

Answer 13

carbon dioxide

Question 14

The other molecules of pyruvate rearrange into…

Answer 14

acetic acid

Question 15

acetic acid + _________ = _______-________

Answer 15

coenzyme A
acetyl-coA

Question 16

Acetyl-CoA gives a 2-carbon acetyl group to a _________, resulting in ________

Answer 16

4-carbon molecule
citric acid

Question 17

In one turn of the Krebs Cycle, 3 molecules of _______ are produced, 2 molecules of _________ and one molecule of _________ and _______ each.

Answer 17

NADH
CO₂
ATP and FADH₂

Question 18

For one molecule of glucose, how many times does the Krebs cycle turn?

Answer 18

Two

Question 19

equation of the Krebs Cycle

Answer 19

Pyruvate + NAD⁺ + FAD + ADP –> CO₂ + NADH + FADH₂ + ATP

Question 20

Where does the Carbon Dioxide produced by the Krebs Cycle go?

Answer 20

into the atmosphere

Question 21

What are NADH and FADH₂ used for?

Answer 21

transporting electrons and making lots of ATP

Question 22

True or False: Only products of the Krebs Cycle are reactants in ETC

Answer 22

False; so are products in glycolysis

Question 23

What molecule produced by glycolysis is a reactant in ETC? Is it also produced by the Krebs Cycle?

Answer 23

NADH
Yes

Question 24

Electron Transport Chain uses __________ to turn ADP into ATP

Answer 24

high-energy electrons

Question 25

In eukaryotes, the ETC is located in the...

Answer 25

inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 26

There is an ______ at the end of the ETC.

Answer 26

enzyme

Question 27

The enzyme combines electrons with __________ and ______ to make _________

Answer 27

hydrogen ions oxygen water

Question 28

final electron acceptor

Answer 28

Oxygen

Question 29

What happens when high-energy electrons go through the ETC?

Answer 29

A hydrogen ion goes across ETC into the intermembrane space

Question 30

What process does ETC use to make ATP?

Answer 30

Chemiosmosis

Question 31

What enzyme does ETC use to make ATP?

Answer 31

ATP Synthase

Question 32

what causes ATP synthase to spin?

Answer 32

The charge difference between the intermembrane space and inner mitochondrial membrane, which in turn makes hydrogen ions go through channels

Question 33

Every time ATP Synthase spins, it...

Answer 33

takes an ADP molecule and adds a phosphate, making it ATP

Question 34

ETC couples the movement of _________ with the production of _______

Answer 34

high-energy electrons ATP

Question 35

On average, for every pair of high-energy electrons that move down the whole ETC, enough energy is provided to make...

Answer 35

3 molecules of ATP

Question 36

How much ATP do all the parts of cellular respiration make in total?

Answer 36

36-38 ATP

Question 37

36 ATP molecules represent __% of the total energy in glucose

Answer 37

36

Question 38

What happens to the rest of glucose's energy not used in ATP?

Answer 38

It is released as heat.