ch 10

Question 1

energy balance

Answer 1

state in which energy intake matches energy expended

Question 2

positive energy balance

Answer 2

energy intake > energy expended

weight gained

Question 3

negative energy balance

Answer 3

energy intake < energy expended

weight lost

Question 4

energy equilibrium

Answer 4

energy intake = energy lost

Question 5

basal metabolic rate

Answer 5

minimum amount of energy used by the body when fasting, awake in a warm, quiet envm

Question 6

resting metabolism rate

Answer 6

amt of energy the body uses when the body is rested and not fasting

Question 7

estimated energy requirements

Answer 7

estimated energy needs based on weight, height, gender, age, physical activity level

Question 8

Body Mass Index

Answer 8

weight-for-height standard

Question 9

Set point theory

Answer 9

theory that humans have a genetically predetermined body weight, which is regulated closely

Question 10

Disordered eating

Answer 10

short term abnormal changes in eating pattern that occurs in relation to a stressful event

Question 11

eating disorder

Answer 11

severe alterations in eating patterns linked to physiological chamges

Question 12

Major body functions of energy (5)

Answer 12

basal metabolism
phys activity
digestion
aborption
processing ingested nutr

Question 13

Basal metabolism accounts for

Answer 13

60-70% of total energy expenditure

Question 14

ways to reduce bmr (2)

Answer 14

get more muscle
burn more calories
lean body mass is key

Question 15

ways to incr bmr

Answer 15

incr body SA
stress
smoking

Question 16

Hunger

Answer 16

physiological drive

Question 17

Appetite

Answer 17

psychological drive

Question 18

satiety is regulated by (4)

Answer 18

sensory of food
knowing food has been eaten
chewing
expansion of stomach

Question 19

Leptin

Answer 19

reduced food intake which decr body fat

Question 20

ghrelin

Answer 20

endorphins and hormones stimulate appetite and incr food intake

Question 21

BMI formula

Answer 21

kg/height squared

Question 22

healthy bmi

Answer 22

18.5-24

Question 23

overweight bmi

Answer 23

25-30

Question 24

obese bmi

Answer 24

> 30

Question 25

what % of americans are overweight

Answer 25

70

Question 26

Upper body fat distribution

Answer 26

causes CDV, hypertension, type 2 diabetes

Question 27

Abdominal fat distribution

Answer 27

greatest risk | apple shape changes

Question 28

Body fat % & waist circumference of men

Answer 28

25+% | > 40inch

Question 29

Body fat % & waist circumference of women

Answer 29

35%+ | >35inch

Question 30

3 components of weight loss program

Answer 30

control energy intake reg phys activity control of behavioral problems

Question 31

characteristics of safe weight loss (5)

Answer 31

``` rate of loss flexibility intake behavior modification overall health ```

Question 32

4 behaviors of weight loss maintenance

Answer 32

eat a low fat, high carb diet eat breakfast self monitor phys activity plan

Question 33

Susceptible to eating disorders (4)

Answer 33

female genetics psychological physical

Question 34

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 34

extreme weight loss distorted body image fear of obesity

Question 35

effects of anorexia

Answer 35

``` slow metabolic rate slow heart rate rough skin hair loss constipation muscle tears ```

Question 36

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 36

binge eating & purging at or slightly above normal weight turns to food when faced with problems

Question 37

Physical effects of bulimia

Answer 37

teeth decay low potassium swollen glands stomach ulcers

Question 38

obesity & cancer relation

Answer 38

fat tissue leads to overproduction of estrogen and other hormones that play a role in breast and endocrine related cancers

Question 39

Predictors of childhood obesity (3)

Answer 39

home envm tv viewing soft drink consumption

Question 40

what % of kids are obese

Answer 40

18

Question 41

Characteristics of overweight child (3)

Answer 41

taller advanced bone age earlier sexual maturity

Question 42

diseases in obese kids (4)

Answer 42

type 2 diabetes high cholesterol high blood pressure psychological prob

Question 43

how to help overweight kids

Answer 43

change eating habits and activity patterns, but do not diet

Question 44

relationship of tv viewing and childhood obesity

Answer 44

kids that watch 4+ hrs of tv are 40% likely to be overweight

Question 45

recommended exercise for kids

Answer 45

60 min

Question 46

determinants of kids being physically active (4)

Answer 46

schol & neighborhood safety PR programs watching tv playing active games

Question 47

weightloss meds for kids

Answer 47

xenical & alli for 12+

Question 48

why shouldnt we diet a child

Answer 48

slow linear growth | begin eating disorders

Question 49

% of kids that drink 9+ oz of soda

Answer 49

32

Question 50

problems with high protein/low CHO diet (4)

Answer 50

reduced glycogen synthesis & water forces liver to produce glucose only short term results incr LDL

Question 51

effects of yoyo dieting (4)

Answer 51

lose muscle/gain back fat difficult to lose weight, easy to gain incr waist to hip ratio fatty food preference

Question 52

qsymia belviq xenical

Answer 52

prescription weight loss drugs