Ch 10 Airway Management Flashcards
(45 cards)
Aerobic metabolism
Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen
Agonal gasps
Occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped
Airway
The upper airway of the passage above the larynx, which includes the nose, mouth and throat
Alveolar minute volume
Volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 minute minus the dead space Tidal volume (minus dead space) x respiratory rate
Alveolar ventilation
The volume of air that reaches the alveoli = Tidal volume - dead space
American standard safety system
Safety system for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas
Anaerobic metabolism
Metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; principal product is lactic acid
Apnea
Absence of spontaneous breathing
Aspiration
The introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lungs
Ataxic respirations
Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern
Automatic transport ventilator
ATV
Ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set; Frees the EMT to perform other tasks while patient is ventilated
BVM
Bag valve mask
Device with a one-way valve attached to ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen it delivers more than 90% supplemental O2
Barrier device
limits exposure to a patient’s body fluids
Bronchioles
Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli
Capnography
Noninvasive method to quickly/effectively provide info on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation and metabolism; Measures concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air over time
Capnometry
Use of a capnometer that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide
Carina
Point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right mainstem bronchi
Chemoreceptors
Monitor the levels of O2, CO2 and pH of the cerebrospinal fluid and provides feedback to the respiratory centers to modify rate and depth of breathing based on body needs at any given time
Compliance
Ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation
CPAP
Continuous positive air way pressure
Method of ventilation use primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent need to endotracheal intubation
Dead space
Portion of the tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli and this does not participate in the gas exchange
Diffusion
Process in which molecules move from area of high concentration to area of lower concentration
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath
End-tidal CO2
Amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of an exhaled breath
