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EMT > Ch 27, Face And Neck Injuries > Flashcards

Ch 27, Face And Neck Injuries Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Whites of the eye

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2
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

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3
Q

What should you use to flush the eye?

A

Saline solution

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4
Q

Approximately ______ of the nose is composed of bone. The remainder is composed of cartilage

A

One third

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5
Q

The head is divided into two parts: the cranium and the ____

A

Face

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6
Q

The brain connects to the spinal chord through a large opening at the base of the skill known as the _____

A

Foramen Magnum

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7
Q

Motion of the mandible occurs at the _____

A

Temporomandibular joint

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8
Q

The ______ connects the cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage

A

Circothyroid membrane

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9
Q

Guildlines for penetrating injury on the eye

A
  1. Never exert pressure or manipulate the injured eye
  2. If part of eyeball is exposed, gently apply a moist sterile dressing to prevent drying
  3. Cover the injured eye with protective equipment, (metal, cup, dressing) and cover both eyes
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10
Q

The nasal cavity is divided into two chambers by the ______

A

Nasal septum

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11
Q

The middle ear is connected to the nasal cavity by the _____

A

Eustachain tube

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12
Q

______ is NOT a sign or symptom of laryngeal injury

A

Wheezing

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13
Q

______ is NOT a sign of a possible facial fracture

A

Bleeding from the forehead

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14
Q

Only time you remove contact lenses

A

If the eye has been burned by chemicals

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15
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nose bleed

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16
Q

Anterior/posterior nose bleeds

A

Anterior: resolve quickly on there own

Posterior: more severe, last longer and blood drains i to throat, causing nausea and vomiting

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17
Q

Where you would find thin skin

A

Ears

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18
Q

Skin regulates temp in cold enviroments by

A

Constricting blood vessels

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19
Q

A _____ occurs when a large blood vessel is damages and bleeds

A

Hematoma

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20
Q

If enough air is sucked into a blood vessel through an open neck injury, what could occur?

A

An air embolism

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21
Q

Air embolism

A

The presence of air in the veins, which can lead to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart

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22
Q

Anisocoria

A

Naturally occurring uneven pupil size

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23
Q

Blow-out fracture

A

A fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit

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24
Q

Cornea

A

The transparent tissue layer in front of the pupil and the iris of they eyes

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25
Eustachian tube
A branch of the internal auditory canal that connects the middle ear to the oropharynx
26
External auditory canal
The ear canal; leads to the tympanic membrane
27
Globe
The eyeball
28
Iris
The muscle and surrounding tissue behind the cornea that dilate and constrict the pupil, regulating the amount of light that enters the eye; pigment in this tissue gives the eye it's color
29
lacrimal glands
The glands that produce fluids to keep the eye moist a.k.a tear ducts
30
lens
The transparent part of the eye through which images are focused on the retina
31
Optic nerve
A cranial nerve that transmits visual information to the brain
32
Pinna
The external, visible part of the ear
33
Pupil
The circular opening in the middle of the iris that admits light to the back of the eye
34
Retina
The light-sensitive area of the eye where images are projected; a layer of cells at the back of the eye that changes the light image into electric impulses which are carried by the optic nerve to the brain
35
Retinal detachment
Separation of the retina from its attachments in the back of the eye
36
Sclera
The tough, fibrous, white portion of the eye that protects the more delicate inner structures
37
Sternocleidomasoid muscles
the muscles on either side of the neck that allows movement of the head
38
Subcutaneous emphysema
A characteristic crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin, caused by the presence of air in soft tissues. Be aware that complete airway obstruction can develop very rapidly in these patients as a result of swelling or bleeding into the underlying tissues
39
Temporomandibular joint
The joint formed where the mandible and cranium meet, just in front of the ear
40
Tragus
the small, rounded, fleshy bulge that lies immediately anterior to the ear canal
41
Turbinates
Layers of bone within the nasal cavity
42
Tympanic Membrane
The eardrum, which lies between the external and middle ear
43
Bones that make up the face
Nasal bone Two maxillae Two zygomas Mandible
44
The superficial temporal artery can be palpated where?
Anterior to the tragus
45
Injuries about the face and neck can often lead to _____
Partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway
46
Mandibular fractures
Second most common after nasal fractures, required a great deal of force and as a result there may be additional trauma or C-spine injury
47
Maxillary fractures
Predominantly found after blunt-force, high-energy trauma; Signs include massive swelling, misalignment of teeth, instability
48
In the absence of life-threatening bleeding, the first step in emergency care for facial/neck trauma is ______
To secure and maintain the patient's airway. Remember that blood draining into the throat can lead to vomiting
49
Use the jaw-thrust maneuver when _____
You suspect head or neck trauma
50
When an injury exposes the brain, eye or other structures, cover the exposed areas with _____
A moist sterile dressing to protect from further damage
51
How do you examine the undersurface of the upper eyelid?
Pull the lid upward and forward; if you spot a foreign object on the surface of the eye, you may be able to remove it with a moist, sterile cotton-tipped applicator . NEVER attempt to remove a foreign body that is stuck to the cornea
52
How to treat foreign bodies
Foreign bodies must be removed by a physician. Your job is to stabilize the object and prepare the patient for transport to definitive care.
53
Stabilizing a foreign body in the eye
Bandage the object in place to support it; cover the eye with a moist, sterile dressing and then surround the object with a doughnut-shaped collar made from roller gauze
54
Lacerations of the eye
Although bleeding may be heavy, never exert pressure on the eye as pressure may squeeze the vitreous humor, iris, lens or even the retina out of the eye
55
Contact lenses
The only time you should remove a contact lens in the field is in the event of a chemical burn
56
What is the "halo test"?
If CSF is present in bleeding from the ears or nose, it can be seen my using a piece of gauze to absorb the blood. A characteristic halo of lighter fluid will surround the blood
57
The ear
A complex organ that is associated with hearing and balance
58
Blast injuries to the ear
Sudden changes in pressure may rupture the tympanic membrane and the patient will report severe ear pain, ringing, or difficulty hearing
59
When an object is impaled in a patient's cheek and you are unable to control bleeding and it is compromising the patient's airway ______
Consider removing the object and applying direct pressure to the inside and the outside of the cheek
60
To manage laryngeal injuries
Provide oxygen and ventilation; apply a c-collar but avoid the use of rigid collars because they may cause further damage to the soft tissue

EMT (25 decks)

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