ch. 10 quiz

Question 1

Council of Chalcedon?

Answer 1

• 4th ecumenical council (ecumenical meaning the entire world; this being the Mediterranean)
• opposition to the western church and imperial couple to the Egyptian bishops;
• breaks Alexandrian theological hegemony;
• patriarchal status to Constantinopole;
• monasteries under direct control of local bishops.

Question 2

ch. 10.1

What is Syriac?

Answer 2

• branch of Aramaic;
• almost all surviving is Christian (2nd - 13 centuries);
• much of the Bible translation very early;
• some patristic texts remain only in Syriac
• Separate tradition from the Greek and the Hebrew.

Question 3

Monophysticism?

Answer 3

• Gk. ‘only one’, and ‘nature’
• rejects dual nature of Christ
• Cyril of Alexandria: ‘one Incarnate Nature of the Word’
• Eutyches’ extreme position: after the Incarnation there was only one nature in Christ, and that nature was not ‘consubstantial with us’ —> probably never widely held
• —> Armenian, Ethiopian, Coptic, and Syrian Churches hold a more moderate form (still)

Question 4

Constantinople: “City of Constantine”?

Answer 4

a new tetrarchic capital on the site of Byzantium

Question 5

New definition and expression of faith?

Answer 5

• The body and substance of Christ being the same as the father and human beings;
• Christ is eternal through the virgin Mary;
• Latin lacks the philosophical vocabulary to truly go into deeper theological debate and detail at the time.

Question 6

North Africa?

Answer 6

• Cyprian a large source;
• Donatism and how it fit into the larger church struggles against heresies;
• Opptodist – against the Donatists;
• Very vibrant.