ch 11&12 Flashcards
imperialism
seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country
racism
The belief that one race is superior to others
Social Darwinism
ideas about evolution and “survival of the fittest” were applied to human society.
Berlin Conference
1884–85 to lay down rules for the division of Africa.
Shaka
Zulu chief that used highly disciplined warriors and good military organization to create a large centralized state
Boers
Dutch farmers
Paternalism
Europeans governed people in a parental way by providing for their needs but not giving them rights.
-The French and other European powers used this
Menelik II
emperor of Ethiopia and successfully played Italians, French, and British against each other
Geopolitics
(ottoman empire) an interest in or taking of land for its strategic location or products
Crimean War
In 1853, war broke out between the Russians and the Ottomans to gain control over the Black Sea
-Britain and France later joined the war on the ottoman side to prevent the Russians from winning
-Russia was defeated
-(& first war women were allowed to join)
Muhammad Ali
Father of modern Egypt
Muhammad Ali –> Isma’il
Suez Canal
human-made waterway that connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean
Isma’il supported the construction
Sepoys
Indian soldiers
“jewel in the crown”
British talking about India
-valuable
Sepoy Mutiny
fighting between the British and the Sepoys
Opium War
Fought between the British and the Chinese because British wouldn’t stop selling opium to China people were getting too addicted.
-British won the War
-Treaty of Nanjing (gave Britain the island of Hong Kong)
Taiping Rebellion
Hong Xiuquan
all Chinese people would share China’s vast wealth and
no one would live in poverty.
taiping, meaning “great peace.”
sphere of influence
an area in which the foreign nation controlled trade and investment.
Boxer Rebellion
Boxers = Poor peasants and workers who hated the new reforms Society of
-Righteous and Harmonious Fists
-Was effective and caused CHina to try and make changes in government
U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry
Sailed to Tokyo to deliver a letter from Millard Fillmore to allow free trade between the
United States and Japan.
Treaty of Kanagawa
Japan opened two ports at which U.S. ships could take on supplies.
Meiji era
Mutsuhito’s reign
Russo-Japanese War
Japan launched a surprise attack on Russian ships
Theodore Roosevelt helped draft the Treaty of Portsmouth
Motives for Imperialism
ECONOMIC
EXPLORATORY
POLITICAL
IDEOLOGICAL
RELIGIOUS
