Renaissance Unit Flashcards

1
Q

Where did the Renaissance begin?

A

Florence, Italy

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2
Q

What helped Florence become so wealthy?

A

The Medici Family (banking faami

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3
Q

Patronage

A

The rich flaunting their wealth before the public

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4
Q

Humanism

A

Seeing that humans should be praised and valued just as much as Gods

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5
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci

A

Sculptor, Painter, scientist ect. The “Mona Lisa” & “The Last Supper”.

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6
Q

Donatello

A

Sculptor. “David”

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7
Q

Raphael

A

Painter. “The School of Athens”

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8
Q

Michelangelo

A

Sculptor, Painter. “The Sistine Chapel” & “David”

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9
Q

Erasmus

A

Critical view of church
Wrote the Praise of Folly
Wanted people to read the Bible and lead a clean simple life
& “laid the eggs that Martin Luther will hatch”

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10
Q

The Crusades (effects)

A

“Holy Wars”
Effects: The RRC had and increase in wealth, & the power of the Pope was elevated

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11
Q

The Plauge (& effects)

A

Fleas on Rats
Effects: People started to question the Church… which lead to the Renaissance

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12
Q

Renassiance

A

“Rebirth”

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13
Q

Machiavelli (known for and wrote what?)

A

“saver to be feared than loved”
The Prince

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14
Q

Secular

A

not subject to or bound by religious rule

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15
Q

Reformation

A

a religious “reform” movement

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16
Q

Causes of Reformation:

A

Church corruptions
unhappy merchants paying taxes for the churches
& printing press

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17
Q

Printing Press

A

1439 by Johann Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany

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18
Q

Martin Luther

A

-Catholic monk & professor @ uni. of Wittenberg (lectures the Bible)
-Stapled “95 Thesis” on the Wittenberg Church door on October 31, 1517.
-didn’t agree with indulgences

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19
Q

Indulgences

A

paying to rid oneself of sins

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20
Q

Pope Leo X

A

Luther gets excommunicated

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21
Q

heretic

A

a person who has a negative opinion about the teaching of the Catholic church

22
Q

Emperor Charles V

A

“Edict of Worms”, which banned Luther’s writings, claimed his as a heretic & enemy of the state

23
Q

Prince Fredrick

A

-kidnaps Luther to hide him in his castle from anyone who wanted to kill him
-translates the Bible to German

24
Q

Martin Luther established what religion ?

A

Lutheranism

25
The Peasants’ War
Peasants thought that since the Lutheran faith believed that everyone is equal, they should kill everyone who made their life miserable. Luther allows the Princes to kill any Peasants because he is horrified.
26
The Crusades (what is it)
"Holy Wars"
27
Protestants
a member or follower that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation ex. Lutheranism)
28
Act of Supremacy
defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England
29
Predestination
The doctrine that all events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.
30
Ulrich Zwingli
a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland Influence by Luther Killed in battle; body was cut up and burned so hi followers couldn't grieve in one specific place for him
31
Catholic Reformation
the period of Catholic revival that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation Counter-Reformation Started with the Council of Trent
32
Pope Urban II
Called the Christian Knights in Europe to fight in the Crusades
33
Medici Family
Powerful banking family from Florence that dominated politics
34
Jerusalem
The city that Christians wanted to take away from the Muslims during the Crusades
35
Peace of Augsburg .. 1555
States the princes had the right to decide what religion their region would be is called....?
36
Who kidnapped Martin Luther to save him from being killed?
Prince Fredrick
37
Council of Trent
Council of Church leaders Stated that the Church's interpretation of the Bible was final
38
Johann Tetzel
authorized by the Catholic Church to sell indulgences to raise money to build St. Basilica in Rome
39
What fell leading to the Dark Ages?
The Roman Empire
40
Feudalism
Social, economic, and political structure of Europe during the Dark Ages. ...including Kings, Lords, Vassals, Knights, and the lowly Serfs .... & Fiefs
40
Christine de Pizan
Wrote the City of the Ladies & wanted equal education for women
41
Sir Thomas More
Book - "Utopia" Executed by Henry VIII because he didn't support King Henry's divorce and spoke out about it
42
Term that means write in native language
Vernacular
43
Italian Renaissance
realism
44
John Calvin
Calvinism - began in Switzerland "Predestination" & the "elect" Religious leader of Geneva
45
Francesco Petrarch
“Father of Humanism”
46
Ignatius Loyola
Book - "Spiritual Exercises" Founder of the Jesuits
47
Baltassarce Castigalone
“Book of the Courtier” - about what the perfect noble (renaissance person) should be
48
annul
declare (a marriage) to have had no legal existence.
49
Anglican Church
originated when King Henry VIII split from the Roman Catholic Church, when the pope refused to grant the king an annulment.
50
John Knox
Founder of Presbyterians