CH 11 Flashcards by Carlie Hutchison

Aorta

largest artery in the body

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arteriole

small artery

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artery

largest type of blood vessel

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atrioventricular bundle (Bundle of his)

specialized muscle fivers connecting the atria with ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them. his is pronounced “HISS”

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atrioventricular node (AV node)

specialized tissue in the wall between the atria

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atrium, atria

one of two upper chambers of the heart

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capillary

smallest type of blood vessel

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carbon dioxide (CO2)

gas released by the body cells transported via veins to the heart and then to the lungs for exhalation

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coronary arteries

two common carotid arteries located on each side of the neck branch from the aorta and provide blood to head, neck, and brain

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deoxygenated blood

blood that is oxygen-poor

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diastole

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

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endocardium

inner lining of the heart

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endothelium

innermost lining of blood vessels

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mitral valve

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

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murmur

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

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myocardium

muscular middle layer of the heart

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oxygen

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

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pacemaker

specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat

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pericardium

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

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pulmonary artery

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

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pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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pulmonary valve

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

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pulmonary vein

one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

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pulse

beat of the heart felt through the walls of the arteries

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septum, septa

partition or wall dividing a cavity;

sinoatrial node (SA node)

pacemaker of the heart

sphygmomanometer

instrument to measure blood pressure

systemic circulation

flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues

systole

contraction phase of the heartbeat

tricuspid valve

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle

valve

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

vein

thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart

vena cava, venae cavae

largest vein in the body

ventricle

one of two lower chambers of the heart

venule

small vein

angi/o

vessel

aort/o

aorta

arter/o

artery

arteri/o

artery

ather/o

yellowish plaque

atri/o

atrium

branchi/o

arm

cardi/o

heart

cholesterol/o

cholesterol

coron/o

heart

cyan/o

blue

myx/o

mucus

ox/o

oxygen

pericardi/o

pericardium

phleb/o

vein

sphygm/o

pulse

steth/o

chest

thromb/o

clot

valvul/o

valve

valv/o

valve

vas/o

vessel

vascul/o

vessel

ven/o ven/i

vein

ventricul/o

ventricle

arrhythmias

abnormal heart rhythms

heart block (atrioventricular block)

failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)

flutter

rapid but regular contractions usually of the atria

fibrillation

very rapid random inefficient and irregular contractions of the heart

congenital heart disease

abnormalities in the heart at birth

coarctation of the aorta (CoA)

narrowing of the aorta

patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth

septal defects

small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles

tetralogy of Fallot

congenital malformation involving four distinct heart defects

congestive heart failure

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

coronary artery disease

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

endocarditis

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

hypertensive heart disease

high blood pressure affecting the heart

aneurysm

local widening of the arterial wall

hypertension (HTN)

high blood pressure

peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs arms kidneys and other organs

raynaud disease

recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes

varicose veins

abnormally swollen and twisted veins usually occurring in the legs