CH 13

Question 1

albumin

Answer 1

major protein in blood

Question 2

antibody

Answer 2

specific protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria viruses or other antigens

Question 3

antigen

Answer 3

foreign substances or toxin that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 4

basophil

Answer 4

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue associated with release of histamine and heparin

Question 5

bilirubin

Question 6

coagulation

Answer 6

blood clotting

Question 7

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Answer 7

protein factor that stimulates the growth and differentiation of developing blood cells

Question 8

differentiation

Answer 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

Question 9

electrophoresis

Answer 9

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge and size

Question 10

eosinophil

Answer 10

white blood cell containing granules that stain red

Question 11

erythrocyte

Answer 11

red blood cell

Question 12

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 12

hormone secreted by the kidneys

Question 13

fibrin

Answer 13

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 14

fibrinogen

Answer 14

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 15

globulins

Answer 15

plasma protein

Question 16

granulocyte

Answer 16

white blood cell with cytoplasmic granules

Question 17

hemoglobin

Answer 17

blood protein containing iron

Question 18

hemolysis

Answer 18

destruction of red blood cells

Question 19

heparin

Answer 19

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 20

immune reaction

Answer 20

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Question 21

immunoglobulin

Answer 21

protein with antibody activity

Question 22

leukocyte

Answer 22

white blood cell

Question 23

macrgophage

Answer 23

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces

Question 24

megakaryocyte

Answer 24

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Question 25

monocyte

Answer 25

leukocyte with one large nucleus

Question 26

mononuclear

Answer 26

pertaining to a cell with a single round nucleus

Question 27

neutrophil

Answer 27

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow

Question 28

plasma

Answer 28

liquid portion of blood

Question 29

plasmapheresis

Answer 29

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood

Question 30

platelet

Answer 30

small cell fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Question 31

prothrombin

Answer 31

plasma protein

Question 32

reticulocyte

Answer 32

immature erythrocyte

Question 33

Rh factor

Answer 33

antigen on red blood cells of Th-positive

Question 34

serum

Answer 34

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

Question 35

stem cell

Answer 35

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature specialized forms

Question 36

thrombin

Answer 36

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 37

thrombocyte

Answer 37

platelet

Question 38

aplastic anemia

Answer 38

deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin

Question 39

granulocytosis

Answer 39

abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Question 40

hemochromatosis

Answer 40

excess iron deposits throughout the body

Question 41

hemolytic anemia

Answer 41

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Question 42

hemophilia

Answer 42

excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factors VIII or IX necessary for blood clotting

Question 43

leukoemia

Answer 43

increase in malignant white blood cells

Question 44

mononucleosis

Answer 44

infectious viral disease marked by increased numbers of mononuclear leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Question 45

multiple myeloma

Answer 45

malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

Question 46

pernicious anemia

Answer 46

lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream

Question 47

polycythemia vera

Answer 47

General increase in red blood cells

Question 48

purpura

Answer 48

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Question 49

sickle cell anemia

Answer 49

hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sick shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis

Question 50

thalassemia

Answer 50

inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia

Question 51

antiglobulin test

Answer 51

test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes

Question 52

complete blood count (CBC)

Answer 52

determination of numbers of blood cells hemoglobin concentration hematocrit and red cell values

Question 53

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ERS or sed rate)

Answer 53

Speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

Question 54

hematocrit

Answer 54

percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

Question 55

hemoglobin test

Answer 55

total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

Question 56

platelet count

Answer 56

number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Question 57

prothrombin time

Answer 57

test of the ability of blood to clot

Question 58

red blood cell count

Answer 58

number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of microliter of blood

Question 59

red blood cell morphology

Answer 59

microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells

Question 60

white blood cell count

Answer 60

number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Question 61

white blood cell differential

Answer 61

percentages of different types of leukocytes in the blood

Question 62

apheresis

Answer 62

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

Question 63

blood transfusion

Answer 63

whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient

Question 64

bone marrow biopsy

Answer 64

microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

Question 65

hematopoietic stem celMajol transplant