Ch 11 Muscular system Flashcards
(238 cards)
1
Q
location on the body
A
identified by body regions
2
Q
origin and insertion
A
-the first part of the name indicates the origin
-the second part of the name indicates the insertion
3
Q
fascicle organization
A
describes the fascicle orientation within the muscle
4
Q
externus (superficialis)
A
are muscles visible at the body surface
5
Q
internus (profundus)
A
are deep muscles
6
Q
extrinsic
A
muscles are outside an organ
7
Q
intrinsic
A
muscles are inside an organ
8
Q
structural characteristics
A
such as number or tendons, shape or size
9
Q
longus
A
long
10
Q
longissimus
A
longest
11
Q
teres
A
long and round
12
Q
brevis
A
short
13
Q
magnus
A
large
14
Q
major
A
larger
15
Q
maximus
A
largest
16
Q
minor
A
small
17
Q
minimus
A
smallest
18
Q
axial muscles
A
position the head and spinal column, and move the ribcage
19
Q
appendicular muscles
A
support the pectoral and pelvic girdles and the limbs
20
Q
orbicularis oris
A
constricts the mouth opening
21
Q
what are the muscles of the scalp (epicranium)
A
temporoparietailis
occipitofrontalis
22
Q
platysma
A
covers the anterior surface of the neck
23
Q
masseter
A
the strongest jaw muscle
24
Q
temporalis
A
helps lift the mandible
25
pterygoid muscles
position the mandible for chewing
26
muscles of mastication move the
mandible
27
names of tongue muscles end in
glossus
28
platoglossus
originates at the palate
29
styloglossus
originates at the styloid process
30
genioglossus
originates at the chin
31
hypoglossus
originates at the hyoid bone
32
the muscles of the pharynx begin what process
swallowing
33
pharyngeal constrictor muscles
move food into the esophagus
34
palatal muscles
lift the soft palate
35
anterior muscles of the neck do what
control the position of the larynx, depress the mandible, and support the tongue and pharynx
36
diagastric
from chin to hyoid, and hyoid to mastoid
37
mylohyoid
floor of the mouth
38
geniohyoid
between the hyoid and the chin
39
stylohyoid
between the hyoid and the styloid
40
sternocleidomastoid
from the clavicle and sternum to the mastoid
41
omohyoid
attaches the scapula, clavicle 1st rib and hyoid
42
oblique muscles
compress underlying structures or rotate the vertebral column
43
rectus muscles
flex the vertebral column, opposing the erector spinae
44
scalene muscles
flex the neck
45
intercostal muscles (external and internal)
respiratory movements of the ribs
46
transversus thoracis
cross the inner surface of the ribs
47
rectus abdominis
the (six pack) between the xiphoid process and the pubic symphysis
48
the perineum
the muscular sheet which forms the pelvic floor
49
trapezius
-superficial
covers the back and neck up to the base of the skull
inserts on the clavicles and scapular spines
50
rhomboid and levator scapulae
-deep to the trapezius
-attach to the cervical and thoracic vertebrae
-insert on the scapular border
51
serratus anterior
-on the chest
-originates along ribs
-inserts on anterior scapular margin
52
subclavius
originates on the ribs
-inserts on the clavicle
53
pectoralis minor
-attaches to the scapula
54
deltoid
the major abductor in the arm
55
supraspinatus
(muscle that moves the arm)
assists the deltoid
56
subscapularis and teres major
produces medial rotation at the shoulder (muscles that move the arm)
57
infraspinatus and teres minor
produce lateral rotation at the shoulder (muscles that move the arm)
58
coracobrachialis
attaches to the scapula
produces flexion and adduction at the shoulder
59
pectoralis major
between the anterior chest and the greater tubercle of the humerus
- produces flexion at the shoulder joint
60
latissimus dorsi
between thoracic vertebrae and the humerus
-produces extension at the shoulder joint
61
biceps brachii
flexes elbow
-originates on the scapula, inserts on the radial tuberosity
62
triceps brachii
extends the elbow
-originates on the scapula inserts on the olecranon
63
brachialis and brachioradialis
flex the elbow
64
anconeus
opposes the brachialis
65
flexor carpi ulnaris
superficial
-flexes and adducts the wrist
66
flexor carpi radialis
superficial
-flexes and abducts the wrist
67
palmaris longus
superficial
-flexes the wrist
68
extensor carpi radialis
superficial
-extends and abducts the wrist
69
extensor carpi ulnaris
superficial
-extends and adducts the wrist
70
pronator teres and supinator
originate on the humerus and ulna
-rotate the radius
71
pronator quadratus
originates on the ulna
-assist the pronator teres
72
gluteus macximus
-the largest most posterior gluteal muscle
-produces extension and lateral rotation at the hip
73
tensor fasciae latae
-works with the gluteus maximus
-stabilizes the iliotibial tract
-(band of collagen fibers that braces the knee)
74
gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
-originate anterior to the gluteus maximus
-inserts on the trochanter
75
adductor magnus
produces adduction, extension and flexion
76
adductor brevis
hip flexion and adduction
77
adductor longus
hip flexion and adduction
78
pectineus
hip flexion and adduction
79
gracilis
hip flexion and adduction
80
what are the 2 iliopsoas flexors that insert on the same tendon
psoas major
iliacus
81
what are the flexors of the knee
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
sartorius
(originates superior to the adcteabulum)
82
popliteus
rotates the tibia to unlock the knee
83
abdominal
abdomen
84
ancon
elbow
85
auricular
ear
86
brachial
arm
87
capitis
head
88
carpi
wrist
89
coccygeal
coccyx
90
costal
rib
91
cutaneous
skin
92
femoris
thigh
93
glossal
tongue
94
hallux
great toe
95
ilium
groin
96
inguinal
groin
97
lumbar
lumbar region
98
nasalis
nose
99
nuchal
back of neck
100
occular
eye
101
oris
mouth
102
palpebra
eyelid
103
pollex
thumb
104
popliteal
posterior to knee
105
psoas
loin
106
radial
forearm
107
scapular
scapula
108
temporal
temple
109
thoracic
thorax
110
tibial
tibia, shin
111
ulnar
ulna
112
transversus muscles
run across the long axis of the body
113
oblique muscles
run at a slant to long axis
114
rectus (straight) muscles
along the long axis
115
anterior
front
116
external
on the outside
117
extrinsic
outside the structure
118
inferior
below
119
internal
away from the surface
120
instrinsic
within the structure
121
lateral
on the side
122
medial
middle
123
oblique
slanting
124
posterior
back
125
profundus
deep
126
rectus
strait
127
superficial
toward the surface
128
superior
toward the head
129
transverse
crosswise
130
biceps
two heads
131
triceps
three heads
132
quadriceps
four heads
133
deltoid
triangle
134
orbicularis
circle
135
pectinate
comblike
136
piriformis
pear shaped
137
platysma
flat plate
138
pyramidal
pyramid
139
rhomboid
parallelogram
140
serratus
serrated
141
splenius
bandage
142
teres
round and long
143
trapezius
trapezoid
144
alba
white
145
brevis
short
146
gracilis
slender
147
latae
wide
148
latissimus
widest
149
longissimus
longest
150
longus
long
151
magnus
large
152
major
larger
153
maximus
largest
154
minimus
smallest
155
minor
smaller
156
abductor
movement away
157
adductor
movement towards
158
depressor
lowering movement
159
extensor
straightening movement
160
flexor
bending movement
161
levator
raising movement
162
pronator
turning into prone position
163
supinator
turning into supine position
164
tensor
tensing movement
165
cardiovascular system
-delivers oxygen and nutrients
-removes carbon dioxide
166
respiratory
responds to oxygen demand of muscles
167
integumentary system
disperses heat from muscle activity
168
nervous and endocrine system
direct responses of all systems
169
If you bruised your gluteus maximus you would expect to experience discomfort when
Extending your hip
170
What muscle fibers pull in different directions permitting different actions depending on stimulation
Convergent
171
The end of a muscle that is attached to the point that moves when the muscle contracts is called the
Insertion
172
The quadriceps group includes all of the following except
Biceps femoris
173
Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called
Medialis
174
The powerful abductor muscle of the upper arm is the
Deltoid
175
The muscle group on the posterior thigh called the
Hamstring
176
Which of the following is innervated by the sciatic nerve
Planteris
177
Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the
Head
178
Which of the following controls abduction of the shoulder
Supraspinatus
179
Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called
Transversud
180
A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is properly involved in
Chewing
181
The whole deltoid muscle does what to the humerus
Abducts
182
Tom a trumpet player asks you which muscle he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter what would you tell him
The buccinator and orbicularis Oris
183
Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior
Protracts the shoulder abducts and medially rotates the scapula
184
Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are called
Circular
185
The muscle that inserts in the acromion and scapular spine is the
Trapezius
186
The action that moves the scapula towards the head is called __________
elevation
187
Which movement results after the contraction of the serratus anterior muscle?
scapular protraction and rotation
188
Which movement is not associated with the scapula?
opposition
189
The muscle that generates the most power during elbow flexion is the __________
brachialis
190
The prime mover of elbow extension is the ________
triceps brachii
191
Movement of the elbow joint movement is limited to __________
flexion and extension
192
Movement of the forearm includes _____
pronation and supination
193
Muscles that act on the knee joint form most of the mass of the __________.
thigh
194
The hamstring muscles originate on the __________.
ischial tuberosity
195
To allow for flexion, the __________ unlocks the knee joint.
popliteus
196
The temporalis muscle originates on the __________ and inserts on the __________.
temporal fossa; coronoid process of mandible
197
The temporalis muscle is innervated by the mandibular branch of the _________
trigeminal nerve
198
The masseter muscle originates on the __________.
medial surfaces of the maxilla and the zygomatic arch as well as the inferior border of the zygomatic arch
199
The masseter is innervated by the _____________ branch of the trigeminal nerve.
mandibular
200
The buccinator muscle is innervated by the __________.
facial nerve
201
At its insertion (unlike at its origin), the buccinator muscle __________.
attaches to fibers of another facial muscle
202
The buccinator muscle __________.
compresses the cheeks
203
The infraspinatus inserts on the ____________ of the humerus.
greater tubercle of the humerus
204
The infraspinatus muscle is included in the __________ muscles.
rotator cuff
205
The origins of the levator scapula are from the ___________ of four cervical vertebrae.
transverse processes
206
The pectoralis major muscle can be divided into groups of fibers superior, or __________, and inferior, or __________.
clavicular; sternocostal
207
The key actions of the pectoralis major muscle are __________
medial rotation and adduction
208
The rhomboid minor muscle sits __________.
superior to the rhomboid major
209
The actions of the internal obliques include __________.
compression of the abdomen to assist in forced expiration
210
The origins of the rectus abdominus muscle are on the __________.
pubic bone
211
The external intercostals elevate the rib cage during __________.
inspiration
212
The two heads of the biceps brachii combine to insert on the __________.
radial tuberosity
213
The brachialis muscle is located __________ to the biceps brachii muscle.
deep
214
The transversus abdominus muscle is innervated by the __________
intercostals nerve
215
All fibers of the triceps brachii are innervated by the __________.
radial nerve
216
The origins of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle are the __________.
lateral condyle and posterior surface of the femur
217
The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the __________
tibial nerve
218
The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle converge to insert onto __________.
the calcaneus
219
The gluteus medius muscle is innervated by the _______
superior gluteal nerve
220
The action of the extensor digitorum longus muscle is to __________.
extend digits
221
The soleus muscle shares an insertion with the _________
gastrocnemius muscle
222
The soleus muscle __________ the foot at the ankle and is innervated by the __________.
flexes; tibial nerve
223
A prime mover or __________ produces a particular type of movement.
agonist
224
Muscles of facial expression differ from most skeletal muscles because they usually do NOT insert into a bone
True
225
Muscles that act on the __________ cause movement at the hip, knee, and foot joints.
lower limb
226
These abdominal muscles are responsible for giving me my "six-pack." They also stabilize my pelvis when walking. They are the ___________ muscles.
rectus abdominis
227
The __________ is the largest and most superficial of the gluteal muscles.
gluteus maximus
228
This muscle closes the eyes, allowing you to wink or blink.
orbicularis oculi
229
This muscle originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts at the angle and ramus of the mandible. It is responsible for closing the jaw.
masseter
230
This large, fan-shaped muscle of the upper chest is the prime mover of arm flexion.
pectoralis major
231
Commonly referred to as the ________, this muscle group on the posterior thigh extends the hip.
hamstrings
232
This muscle allows you to stand on tiptoe when the knee is extended, and it flexes the knee when the foot is dorsiflexed.
gastrocnemius
233
This name reveals the number of the muscle's origins.
triceps brachii
234
Brachioradialis and sternocleidomastoid are named for ________.
the location of their origin and insertion
235
Pectoralis major originates on the ________ and inserts in the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus.
clavicle and sternum
236
This superficial muscle covers a large part of the posterior thorax.
trapezius
237
Commonly called as the "tailors muscle," this muscle allows one to sit in a cross-legged position.
sartorius
238
This muscle is named for the direction of its fibers.
external oblique
