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Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement > Ch. 11 Trunk & Spinal Column > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Trunk & Spinal Column Flashcards

1
Q

Most complex part of body other than CNS

A

Vertebral column

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2
Q

Anterior muscle portion of the trunk

A

Abdominal muscles

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3
Q

T/F: Many small intrinsic muscles act on head, vertebral column & thorax are too deep to palpate

A

True

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4
Q

How many ARTICULATING MOVEABLE vertebrae are there?

A

24

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5
Q

How many FUSED NON-MOVEABLE vertebrae are there?

A

9

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6
Q

Total pairs of spinal nerves in vertebral column

A

31

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7
Q

What makes up the 24 articulating vertebrae?

A

• 7 cervical (neck) vertebrae
• Atlas and axis ⬆️
• 12 thoracic (chest) vertebrae
• 5 lumbar (lower back) vertebrae

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8
Q

What makes up the 9 fused vertebrae?

A

• 5 sacrum (posterior pelvic girdle) vertebrae
• 4 coccyx (tail bone) vertebrae

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9
Q

The first two cervical vertebrae

A

• Atlas: first cervical vertebra C1
• Axis second cervical vertebra C2

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10
Q

Rotary movement from atlas and axis

A

Head to side
Forward & backward

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11
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5 body

A

anterior bony block

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12
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5: Transverse process projects out…

A

Laterally

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13
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5 the spinous process projects….

A

Posteriorly

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14
Q

T/F: Spinal curves enable vertebral column to absorb blows and shocks

A

True

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15
Q

The three normal curves thin moveable spine

A

• Thoracic spine curves anteriorly
• Cervical & lumbar spine curve posteriorly

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16
Q

T/F: spinal curves in vertebral column decrease in vertebrae size

A

False

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17
Q

Increased curving of thoracic spine outward in the sagittal plane

A

Kyphosis

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18
Q

Increased curving of the
spine inward or forward in
the sagittal plane

A

Lordosis

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19
Q

Lateral curving of the
spine

A

Scoliosis

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20
Q

Thorax: how many pairs of ribs are there and what kind are they?

A

12
True ribs: 7
Fake ribs: 5

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21
Q

Another word for true ribs and fake ribs

A

True ribs: vertebrosterna

Fake ribs: vertebrochondral

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22
Q

Pair of ribs that attach directly to sternum

A

True ribs

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23
Q

Pair of ribs that attach indirectly to sternum

A

False ribs(only 3/5)
-other 2 are floating ribs

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24
Q

T/:F: All ribs attach anteriorly to thoracic vertebrae

A

False
Posteriorly

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25
Q

3 parts that make up the sternum

A

• Manubrium
• Body
• Xiphoid process

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26
Q

7 muscle attachment bony landmarks (MpTpSpSCIcPc)

A

• Mastoid process
• Transverse processes of spine
• Spinous processes of spine
• Sternum
• Clavicle
• Iliac crest
• Pubic crest

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27
Q

Joint that connects skull and vertebral/spine

A

Craniovertebral joints

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28
Q

Joint that connects Atlas/C1 to occipital joint behind skull

A

Atlantoocciptal joint

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29
Q

First joint that is formed by occipital condyles of skull sitting on articular fossa of the 1st vertebra/C1

A

Atlantooccipital

30
Q

What movements does the atlantoocciptial allow? (4)

A

flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion

31
Q

Joint that involves Atlas (C1) sitting on axis (C2)

A

Atlantoaxial joint

32
Q

Most mobile joint of any two vertebrae

A

Atlantoaxial joint

33
Q

What type of joint is the Atlantoaxial joint?

A

Trochoid or pivot-type joint

34
Q

T/F: Except Atlantoaxial joint, Remainder of vertebral articulations have minimal
movement between any 2 vertebrae

A

True

35
Q

What amount of movement do most vertebrae allow when combining?

A

Substantial movement

36
Q

What Type of joints are vertebral articulations due to limited movement

A

arthrodial or gliding-
type joints

37
Q

What makes up the intervertebral disks? AfNp

A

Annulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus

38
Q

Compressed elastic material allows…&

A

Compression and torsion

39
Q

What puts pressure on spinal nerve root, causing pain, tingling, numbness and/or weakness in lower extremity

A

Protrusion

40
Q

Most joint movements occur in which regions?

A

Cervical and lumbar

41
Q

Flexion of trunk=
Flexion of head=

A

Lumbar flexion
Cervical(capital) flexion

42
Q

Cranial and cervical nerves

A

SCM & splenius

43
Q

Posterior spinal nerves

A

Erector spinae group

44
Q

Thoracic and lumbar nerves (RaOTaQl)

A

Rectus abdominis, obliques,
transverse abdominis, quadratus
lumborum

45
Q

Large and powerful muscles in moving Head

A

Sternocleidomastoid(SCM) & splenius capitis

46
Q

O&I: SCM muscles ANTERIOR

A

• O: sternum, clavicle
• I: mastoid

47
Q

O&I: Splenius muscles (capitis & cervicis) POSTERIOR

A

• O: cervical & thoracic
vertebrae
• I: cervical vertebrae,
mastoid process,
occipital bone

48
Q

Large and powerful muscles in vertebral column

A

Erector spinae and splenius

49
Q

O&I: Erector spinae muscles (sacrospinalis)

A

• O: iliac crest, ribs, spinous processes
• I: ribs, spinous processes

50
Q

3 layers of erector spinae muscles

A

• Iliocostalis (lateral layer)
• Longissimus (middle layer)
• Spinalis (medial layer

51
Q

Muscle in the thorax

A

Diaphragm

52
Q

TF: Abdominal wall muscles go bone to bone

A

False,
Attach into an aponeurosis (fascia) around rectus abdominis
area

53
Q

Diaphragm: As it contracts & flattens, thoracic volume is …& air is inspired to equalize the pressure

A

Increased

54
Q

TF: Large abdominal muscles aid in lumbar movements

A

True

55
Q

O&I: Quadratus lumborum POSTERIOR

A

• O: iliac crest
• I: ribs and vertebrae

56
Q

O&I: Rectus Abdominis muscle (ANTERIOR)

A

• O: pubis
• I: ribs and xiphoid process

57
Q

O&I: External oblique abdominal muscle (reaching into pockets)

A

• O: ribs
• I: ilium, pubis, rectus
abdominis

58
Q

O&I: Internal oblique abdominal muscle (reaching up)

A

• O: inguinal ligament, ilium
• I: ribs, linea alba

59
Q

O&I: Transversus abdominis muscle

A

• O: inguinal ligament, iliac
crest, ribs
• I: pubis, linea alba

60
Q

Aid in dynamic stability for total body functions

A

Core muscles

61
Q

Inner core muscles (DTaLmPf)

A

Diaphragm, transversus abdominis, lumbar multifidus & pelvic floor muscles

62
Q

Outer core muscles (RaEoIoEs)

A

rectus abdominis, external obliques, internal obliques &
erector spinae

63
Q

Agonist muscle for cervical flexion (anterior)

A

Sternocleidomastoid/SCM

64
Q

Agonists for cervical extension (posterior)

A

Erector spinae (3 layers)
Splenius (2 parts)

65
Q

Agonists for cervical lateral flexion

A

• Sternocleidomastoid
• Erector spinae
• Splenius muscles

66
Q

Agonist for cervical rotation

A

• Sternocleidomastoid
• Erector spinae
• Splenius muscles

67
Q

Agonist for lumbar flexion

A

• Rectus abdominis
• External obliques
• Internal obliques

68
Q

Agonists for lumbar extension

A

• Quadratus lumborum
• Erector spinae

69
Q

Agonists for lumbar lateral flexion

A

• Erector spinae
• Rectus abdominis
• External obliques
• Internal obliques
• Quadratus lumborum

70
Q

Agonists for lumbar rotation

A

• Erector spinae
• External obliques
• Internal obliques
• Quadratus lumborum

71
Q

Name of the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

A

Scoliosis

Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement (11 decks)

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