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Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement > Ch. 11 Trunk & Spinal Column > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Trunk & Spinal Column Flashcards

1
Q

Most complex part of body other than CNS

A

Vertebral column

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2
Q

Anterior muscle portion of the trunk

A

Abdominal muscles

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3
Q

T/F: Many small intrinsic muscles act on head, vertebral column & thorax are too deep to palpate

A

True

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4
Q

How many ARTICULATING MOVEABLE vertebrae are there?

A

24

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5
Q

How many FUSED NON-MOVEABLE vertebrae are there?

A

9

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6
Q

Total pairs of spinal nerves in vertebral column

A

31

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7
Q

What makes up the 24 articulating vertebrae?

A

• 7 cervical (neck) vertebrae
• Atlas and axis ⬆️
• 12 thoracic (chest) vertebrae
• 5 lumbar (lower back) vertebrae

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8
Q

What makes up the 9 fused vertebrae?

A

• 5 sacrum (posterior pelvic girdle) vertebrae
• 4 coccyx (tail bone) vertebrae

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9
Q

The first two cervical vertebrae

A

• Atlas: first cervical vertebra C1
• Axis second cervical vertebra C2

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10
Q

Rotary movement from atlas and axis

A

Head to side
Forward & backward

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11
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5 body

A

anterior bony block

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12
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5: Transverse process projects out…

A

Laterally

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13
Q

Vertebrae C2 to L5 the spinous process projects….

A

Posteriorly

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14
Q

T/F: Spinal curves enable vertebral column to absorb blows and shocks

A

True

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15
Q

The three normal curves thin moveable spine

A

• Thoracic spine curves anteriorly
• Cervical & lumbar spine curve posteriorly

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16
Q

T/F: spinal curves in vertebral column decrease in vertebrae size

A

False

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17
Q

Increased curving of thoracic spine outward in the sagittal plane

A

Kyphosis

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18
Q

Increased curving of the
spine inward or forward in
the sagittal plane

A

Lordosis

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19
Q

Lateral curving of the
spine

A

Scoliosis

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20
Q

Thorax: how many pairs of ribs are there and what kind are they?

A

12
True ribs: 7
Fake ribs: 5

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21
Q

Another word for true ribs and fake ribs

A

True ribs: vertebrosterna

Fake ribs: vertebrochondral

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22
Q

Pair of ribs that attach directly to sternum

A

True ribs

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23
Q

Pair of ribs that attach indirectly to sternum

A

False ribs(only 3/5)
-other 2 are floating ribs

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24
Q

T/:F: All ribs attach anteriorly to thoracic vertebrae

A

False
Posteriorly

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25
3 parts that make up the sternum
• Manubrium • Body • Xiphoid process
26
7 muscle attachment bony landmarks (MpTpSpSCIcPc)
• Mastoid process • Transverse processes of spine • Spinous processes of spine • Sternum • Clavicle • Iliac crest • Pubic crest
27
Joint that connects skull and vertebral/spine
Craniovertebral joints
28
Joint that connects Atlas/C1 to occipital joint behind skull
Atlantoocciptal joint
29
First joint that is formed by occipital condyles of skull sitting on articular fossa of the 1st vertebra/C1
Atlantooccipital
30
What movements does the atlantoocciptial allow? (4)
flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion
31
Joint that involves Atlas (C1) sitting on axis (C2)
Atlantoaxial joint
32
Most mobile joint of any two vertebrae
Atlantoaxial joint
33
What type of joint is the Atlantoaxial joint?
Trochoid or pivot-type joint
34
T/F: Except Atlantoaxial joint, Remainder of vertebral articulations have minimal movement between any 2 vertebrae
True
35
What amount of movement do most vertebrae allow when combining?
Substantial movement
36
What Type of joints are vertebral articulations due to limited movement
arthrodial or gliding- type joints
37
What makes up the intervertebral disks? AfNp
Annulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus
38
Compressed elastic material allows…&
Compression and torsion
39
What puts pressure on spinal nerve root, causing pain, tingling, numbness and/or weakness in lower extremity
Protrusion
40
Most joint movements occur in which regions?
Cervical and lumbar
41
Flexion of trunk= Flexion of head=
Lumbar flexion Cervical(capital) flexion
42
Cranial and cervical nerves
SCM & splenius
43
Posterior spinal nerves
Erector spinae group
44
Thoracic and lumbar nerves (RaOTaQl)
Rectus abdominis, obliques, transverse abdominis, quadratus lumborum
45
Large and powerful muscles in moving Head
Sternocleidomastoid(SCM) & splenius capitis
46
O&I: SCM muscles ANTERIOR
• O: sternum, clavicle • I: mastoid
47
O&I: Splenius muscles (capitis & cervicis) POSTERIOR
• O: cervical & thoracic vertebrae • I: cervical vertebrae, mastoid process, occipital bone
48
Large and powerful muscles in vertebral column
Erector spinae and splenius
49
O&I: Erector spinae muscles (sacrospinalis)
• O: iliac crest, ribs, spinous processes • I: ribs, spinous processes
50
3 layers of erector spinae muscles
• Iliocostalis (lateral layer) • Longissimus (middle layer) • Spinalis (medial layer
51
Muscle in the thorax
Diaphragm
52
TF: Abdominal wall muscles go bone to bone
False, Attach into an aponeurosis (fascia) around rectus abdominis area
53
Diaphragm: As it contracts & flattens, thoracic volume is …& air is inspired to equalize the pressure
Increased
54
TF: Large abdominal muscles aid in lumbar movements
True
55
O&I: Quadratus lumborum POSTERIOR
• O: iliac crest • I: ribs and vertebrae
56
O&I: Rectus Abdominis muscle (ANTERIOR)
• O: pubis • I: ribs and xiphoid process
57
O&I: External oblique abdominal muscle (reaching into pockets)
• O: ribs • I: ilium, pubis, rectus abdominis
58
O&I: Internal oblique abdominal muscle (reaching up)
• O: inguinal ligament, ilium • I: ribs, linea alba
59
O&I: Transversus abdominis muscle
• O: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, ribs • I: pubis, linea alba
60
Aid in dynamic stability for total body functions
Core muscles
61
Inner core muscles (DTaLmPf)
Diaphragm, transversus abdominis, lumbar multifidus & pelvic floor muscles
62
Outer core muscles (RaEoIoEs)
rectus abdominis, external obliques, internal obliques & erector spinae
63
Agonist muscle for cervical flexion (anterior)
Sternocleidomastoid/SCM
64
Agonists for cervical extension (posterior)
Erector spinae (3 layers) Splenius (2 parts)
65
Agonists for cervical lateral flexion
• Sternocleidomastoid • Erector spinae • Splenius muscles
66
Agonist for cervical rotation
• Sternocleidomastoid • Erector spinae • Splenius muscles
67
Agonist for lumbar flexion
• Rectus abdominis • External obliques • Internal obliques
68
Agonists for lumbar extension
• Quadratus lumborum • Erector spinae
69
Agonists for lumbar lateral flexion
• Erector spinae • Rectus abdominis • External obliques • Internal obliques • Quadratus lumborum
70
Agonists for lumbar rotation
• Erector spinae • External obliques • Internal obliques • Quadratus lumborum
71
Name of the abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Scoliosis

Kinesiology 3200 Principles of Human Movement (11 decks)

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