Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIOL 3040: Cell Structure and Function > CH. 12/13: Protein Trafficking COMPLETE > Flashcards

CH. 12/13: Protein Trafficking COMPLETE Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the two mechanisms of Protein trafficking?

A

Vesicle Mediated Trafficking, Non-Vesicle Mediated Trafficking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Vesicle Mediated Trafficking?

A

Proteins made in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Ribosome and trafficked inside a Vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Non-Vesicle Mediated Trafficking?

A

Proteins made in Free Ribosome or Ribosome in the Cytosol relies on amino acids coding specific sequences for trafficking rather than a Vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are proteins made in the ER transported?

A

Through Vesicle Mediated Trafficking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How are proteins made in the Cytosol trafficked?

A

Through Non-Vesicular Trafficking, using specific amino acid-coded sequences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Amino Acid Signal Sequencing?

A

Proteins made in the Free Ribosome or Ribosome in the Cytosol which are trafficked to a specific Organelle INSIDE the cell without a Vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is mRNA synthesized? (where is protein made?)

A

Cytosolic Ribosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosome, or Free Ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where can Protein Synthesised by Cytosolic Ribosome travel?

A

Mitochondria, Peroxisome, Nucleus Protein, or Stays in Cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is Protein Trafficked to the Mitochondria?

A

Through Non-Vesicular Trafficking, using Signal Sequencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is Protein Trafficked to the Peroxisome?

A

Through Non-Vesicular Trafficking, using Signal Sequencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is Protein Trafficked to the Nucleus?

A

Through Non-Vesicular Trafficking, using Signal Sequencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Protein Trafficked to the Cytosol?

A

Through Non-Vesicular Trafficking, using Signal Sequencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where can Protein synthesised by the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) travel?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi Apparatus, Plasma Membrane, Lysosome, or can be Secreted Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where can Protein leaving the Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) Ribosome travel?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi Apparatus, Plasma Membrane, Lysosome, or can be Secreted Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where can Protein leaving Cytosolic Ribosome travel?

A

Cytosol, Mitochondria, Peroxisome, Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the translation of ALL Proteins take place in a cell?

A

In the Cystosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do Proteins sequenced for the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) get to the ER after being translated by Cytosolic Ribosome?

A

Signal Recognition Particles (Special Protein that recognizes the signal sequence) move the Ribosome-Protein complex into the ER, to then release the synthesized chain into the ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a Signal Recognition Protein?

A

A special protein in the cytosol that recognizes signal sequences to target proteins to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vesicule Mediated Trafficking involves transport between what?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi Apparatus, Plasma Membrane, and Lysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does Vesicular Trafficking require for the creation of the vesicle?

A

Requires the use of special proteins that form coats on membranes to force the creation of a vesicle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the three types of coat proteins?

A

COPI, COPII, Clathrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the function of the COPI coat protein?

A

Forms the Vesicle for Protein traveling Retrograde from the Cis-Golgi Apparatus to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What coat Protein is used for Retrograde Vesicular transport?

A

COPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is a Protein traveling Retrograde being transported?

A

From the Cis-Golgi Apparatus to the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the function of the COPII coat Protein?
Forms Vesicle for Protein traveling Antrograde from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) to the Cis-Golgi Apparatus
26
What coat Protein is used for traveling Antrograde?
COPII
27
Where is a Protein traveling Antrograde being transported?
From the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) to the Cis-Golgi Apparatus
28
What is the function of the Clathrin Protein?
Form a Vesicle from the Plasma Membrane to be sent to the Lysosome, and from the Trans-Golgi to the Lysosome
29
What is Endocytosis?
When a cell creates a Vesicle out of the Plasma Membrane to take in foreign material
30
Where are immature or unmodified Vesecular Proteins released from the Endoplasmic Reticulum found?
In the Cis-Golgi
31
Where is Mature Vesicular Protein found?
In the Trans-Golgi
32
What side of the Golgi Apparatus faces the Plasma Membrane?
The Trans-Golgi
33
What Side of the Golgi Apparatus faces the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The Cis-Golgi
34
Where does Vesicular Protein collected in the Lysosome from?
The Trans-Golgi or the Plasma Membrane
35
What type of Vesicles transport Protein from the Golgi to the Lysosome?
Clathrin-Coated Vesicles
36
What type of Vesicle transports Protein from the Plasma Membrane to the Lysosome?
Clathrin-Coated Vesicles
37
What type of Vesicles transports Protein from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Golgi?
COPII-Coated Vesicle
38
What Type of Vesicle transports Proteins from the Golgi to the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
COPI-Coated Vesicles
39
Where is material absorbed by Endocytosis sent?
The Lysosome (via Clathrin-Coated Vesicles)
40
When does Glycosylation take place?
When a protein enters the Endoplasmic Reticulum or the Golgi Apparatus
41
What is Glycosylation?
A chemical reaction that modifies Protein entering the Endoplasmic Reticulum or the Golgi Apparatus.
42
What does Glycosylation do?
Attaches Carbohydrate Monomers to certain Amino Acids in Protein
43
What Chemical Reaction attaches Carbohydrate Monomers to Amino Acids?
Glycosylation
44
Why is Glycosylation essential for a protein?
Essential for proper functioning of the protein and targeting of the protein to the correct location
45
What is Exocytosis?
The Secretion of Protein out of a cell (releasing protein from the cell into the bloodstream) via a Vesicle membrane fusing with the Plasma Membrane
46
Where are Proteins with appropriate targeting molecules modified and prepared for Secretion?
In the Golgi
47
How are Modified and Prepared Proteins Secreted?
Through Exocytosis
48
How is protein from inside a cell released into the bloodstream?
Through Secretion via Exocytosis
49
What are the two pathways of Protein Secretion?
Constitutive Secretion and Regulated Secretion
50
What is Constitutive Secretion?
Vesicles constantly undergoing Exocytosis
51
What Process consists of Vesicles constantly undergoing Exocystosis?
Constitutive Secretion
52
What is Regulated Secretion?
Loaded Vesicles that are stored in the cytosol until they receive a release signal. (a signal to increase Cytosolic Ca2+)
53
What Process consists of a loaded Vesicle waiting in the Cytosol for a release signal?
Regulated Secretion
54
What is the Signal needed for Regulated Secretion?
Increase in Cytosolic Ca2+
55
What is the default Vesecular Secretory Pathway?
Constitutive Secretion
56
What process do Proteins with no Targeting Molecule undergo?
Constitutive Secretion
57
What process do Proteins traveling to the Lysosome undergo?
Glycosylation to receive Mannose Monomers
58
Where are Proteins going to the Lysosome made?
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
59
What happens to a Lysosomal Protein In the ER?
Glycosylation (adding Mannose molecules to protein)
60
What happens to the Protein in the Golgi Apparatus
Phosphorylation (adding phosphate to protein)
61
What is the Signal Molecule for Lysosomal Protein?
Phosphate

BIOL 3040: Cell Structure and Function (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions