Flashcards in Ch 12 (Ch 2) Deck (35)
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1
solution
homogenous mixture of two or more substances
2
forming solutions depends on
IMF and whether like dissolves like with IMF
3
solid solutions preparation
requires melting first to get atoms to move freely
4
molarity
moles of solute over total volume of solution in L
- not good for changing temp
5
molality
moles of solute over kg of SOLVENT
- good for changing temp
6
mole fraction
X
- moles A over total number of moles
7
mass percentage
g of solute over total g of SOLUTION times 100
8
parts per million
1 mg/ 1 L
9
parts per billion
1 microgram/ 1 L
10
misclible
can mix together
11
insoluble
dissolves in trace amounta
12
like dissolves like
LDF and LDF vs LDf and H bond is a no
13
immiscible
if its polar and non polar. if another compound was added, it would go to the layer that it was most like
14
acetone
soluble in polar and non polar so it would just mix a little in bothe
15
covalent solids solubilty
insoluble
16
molecular solids solubiliyty
like dissolves like
17
metals solubility
dissolve in other metals
18
alloys
metal mixtures
19
substitutional alloys
solute is same size as solvent so it take the spot of the solvent
20
interstitial alloys
solute is smaller so it fits between the solvent
21
amalgam
mercury mixtures
22
ions dissolving in water
called solvation
1) break solute solute bonds
2) break solvent solvent bonds
3) form solvent solute bonds which are called ion dipole attractions (this is exothermic)
23
practice drawing a solvation curve thing
e is on the y, must draw line at start and end of arrows and final delta H
24
add acid to
water
25
temperature and solubulity
higher temps is higher sol EXCEPT FOR GAS
26
henry's law
concentration of dissolved gas is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas
[gas]=Kh(Pgas) --> mol fraction
Kh is mol/L atm
27
colligative properties
properties that occur when you mix any nonvolatile solute
based on number of particles (i)
1. vapor pressure reduction
2. boiling point elevation
3. freezing point depression
4. osmotic pressure
28
vapor pressure reduction
more solute means it is harder to things to leave the solution as there is a little physical barrier
29
boiling point elevation
solute blocks the solvent molecules from reading the surface so it takes more heat to get them to escape the phase
30
freezing point depression
solute makes the solvent molecules collide less frequently
31
draw a phase diagram of what happens when something is dissolved in somethinf
lines shift to become smaller?
32
osmotic pressure
either can be that the solvent molecules move in opposite directions so no net osmosis or solvent flows resulting in net osmosis ??
33
suspension
when solute particles are large, it is called a suspension or a colloid. suspension is when particles settle out over time
34
colloid
when solute particles are large, it is called a suspension sion or a colloid. colloid is when particles evenly mix
35
