Ch 12 (Ch 2)

Question 1

solution

Answer 1

homogenous mixture of two or more substances

Question 2

forming solutions depends on

Answer 2

IMF and whether like dissolves like with IMF

Question 3

solid solutions preparation

Answer 3

requires melting first to get atoms to move freely

Question 4

molarity

Answer 4

moles of solute over total volume of solution in L

- not good for changing temp

Question 5

molality

Answer 5

moles of solute over kg of SOLVENT

- good for changing temp

Question 6

mole fraction

Answer 6

X

- moles A over total number of moles

Question 7

mass percentage

Answer 7

g of solute over total g of SOLUTION times 100

Question 8

parts per million

Answer 8

1 mg/ 1 L

Question 9

parts per billion

Answer 9

1 microgram/ 1 L

Question 10

misclible

Answer 10

can mix together

Question 11

insoluble

Answer 11

dissolves in trace amounta

Question 12

like dissolves like

Answer 12

LDF and LDF vs LDf and H bond is a no

Question 13

immiscible

Answer 13

if its polar and non polar. if another compound was added, it would go to the layer that it was most like

Question 14

acetone

Answer 14

soluble in polar and non polar so it would just mix a little in bothe

Question 15

covalent solids solubilty

Answer 15

insoluble

Question 16

molecular solids solubiliyty

Answer 16

like dissolves like

Question 17

metals solubility

Answer 17

dissolve in other metals

Question 18

alloys

Answer 18

metal mixtures

Question 19

substitutional alloys

Answer 19

solute is same size as solvent so it take the spot of the solvent

Question 20

interstitial alloys

Answer 20

solute is smaller so it fits between the solvent

Question 21

amalgam

Answer 21

mercury mixtures

Question 22

ions dissolving in water

Answer 22

called solvation

1) break solute solute bonds
2) break solvent solvent bonds
3) form solvent solute bonds which are called ion dipole attractions (this is exothermic)

Question 23

practice drawing a solvation curve thing

Answer 23

e is on the y, must draw line at start and end of arrows and final delta H

Question 24

add acid to

Answer 24

water

Question 25

temperature and solubulity

Answer 25

higher temps is higher sol EXCEPT FOR GAS

Question 26

henry's law

Answer 26

concentration of dissolved gas is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas [gas]=Kh(Pgas) --> mol fraction Kh is mol/L atm

Question 27

colligative properties

Answer 27

properties that occur when you mix any nonvolatile solute based on number of particles (i) 1. vapor pressure reduction 2. boiling point elevation 3. freezing point depression 4. osmotic pressure

Question 28

vapor pressure reduction

Answer 28

more solute means it is harder to things to leave the solution as there is a little physical barrier

Question 29

boiling point elevation

Answer 29

solute blocks the solvent molecules from reading the surface so it takes more heat to get them to escape the phase

Question 30

freezing point depression

Answer 30

solute makes the solvent molecules collide less frequently

Question 31

draw a phase diagram of what happens when something is dissolved in somethinf

Answer 31

lines shift to become smaller?

Question 32

osmotic pressure

Answer 32

either can be that the solvent molecules move in opposite directions so no net osmosis or solvent flows resulting in net osmosis ??

Question 33

suspension

Answer 33

when solute particles are large, it is called a suspension or a colloid. suspension is when particles settle out over time

Question 34

colloid

Answer 34

when solute particles are large, it is called a suspension sion or a colloid. colloid is when particles evenly mix

Question 35

best way to increase solubility of gas?

Answer 35

decrease temp and increase the partial pressure of the gas