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medical Terminology > ch 12 Nervous System/Mental health > Flashcards

ch 12 Nervous System/Mental health Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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2
Q

cerebello/o

A

little brain/cerebellum
controls: balance and coordination

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3
Q

cereb/o

A

brain/cerebrum
responsible for thinking/emotions/everything we see and hear
stores most of our memories and tells our muscles when and where to move

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4
Q

crani/o

A

skull/cranium

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5
Q

encephal/o

A

inside the brain

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6
Q

gangli/o

A

swelling/knot
ganglia: group of nerve cell bodies

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7
Q

mening/i mening/o

A

membrane
3 protective membranes called meninges covers the brain/spinal cord

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8
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord/medulla/myelin (white material that covers the axon of our neurons)

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9
Q

neur/o

A

nerve
nerves are bundles of nerve cells called neurons

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10
Q

phren/o

A

mind

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11
Q

psych/o

A

mind

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12
Q

radic/o radicul/o

A

nerve root

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13
Q

vag/o

A

vagus nerve comes from brain goes into chest and abdomen and controls many of our vital functions

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14
Q

ventricul/o

A

little belly/ventricle (spaces filled with fluid heart has blood and brain has CSF

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15
Q

nervous system composed of

A

brain/spinal cord/nerves

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16
Q

together the nervous system emables u to:

A

sense the world around you/integrate this info to form thoughts and memories & control body movements & many internal functions

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17
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system: brain/spinal cord

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18
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system: nerves & ganglia

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19
Q

nervous system maintains

A

body stability or homeostasis

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20
Q

a nerve impulse begins when a

A

neuron opens its membrane channels to sodium potassium ions resulting in flowing these ions accross the cell membrane

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21
Q

the flow of ions causes a sudden change in electrical current which flows along the _____ and is transmitted to other adjacent neurons. The result is an impulse, I could travel very quickly along the nerves in your skin and elsewhere, and throughout the spinal cord and brain.

A

neuron

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22
Q

Neurons are supported by other cells of nervous tissue, known as _____ which make up most of the brain and spinal cord

A

neuroglia

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23
Q

The tissue making up the brain, spinal cord and nerves is called

A

nervous tissue

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24
Q

Nervous tissue requires special, protective features such as:

A

bone/meninges/and CSF cerebrospinal fluid

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25
Protection from pathogens circulating in the blood stream is further assisted by a barrier between brain fluids, and the blood known as the:
blood-brain barrier
26
The blood brain barrier, which keeps _______ from entering the nervous system
bacteria/harmful cells/toxins
27
Unwanted substances that successfully penetrate the blood brain barrier are limited by special neuroglial cells in the brain called
microglia
28
most common affliction of the nervous system is
stroke/cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
29
A stroke is a description of the normal flow of blood to the brain resulting in the loss of ______ that often proves fatal
brain function
30
treatment of disorders affect in the nervous system is a relatively young branch of medicine, known as _____ which is a sub specialty of internal medicine
neurology
31
Specialist within the broad field of neurology are called _____ who’s medical practice focusses on brain and spinal cord treatments
neurologists
32
Medical practice addresses, mental health illnesses
pyschiatrists
33
Mental health professionals trained in the treatment of behavioural disorders
pyschologists
34
-algesia
pain
35
-asthenia
weakness
36
phas/o
speak
37
esthes/o
sensation
38
cephal/o
head
39
A-
Without moved or absence of
40
par-
Along side or abnormal
41
stroke is ____ in canada
3rd most common death
42
critical time for healing stroke
three hours
43
A clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord to cushion it from injury
Cerebrospinal fluid
44
cerebrospinal fluid:
cushions from injury delivers nutrients/removes wastes from the brain made in ventricles in brain and absorbed by bloodstream
45
layers of the CSF
skull bone dura mater arachnoid mater sub arachnoid space (contains CSF) pia mater cerebrum
46
cranial meninges involves:
dura mater arachnoid mater subarachnoid space (contains CSF) pia mater
47
What is the blood brain barrier?
A barrier between brain fluids in the blood that keeps most bacteria, harmful cells, and many toxins from entering the nervous system
48
What is microglia?
Special neuroglial cells in the brain that remove unwanted substances the break through the blood brain barrier
49
What is the blood brain barrier made up of?
Tightly packed cells in the brains capillaries
50
blood brain barrier responsible for:
preventing harmful substances from entering nervous system protects from injury/disease allows oxygen and water to the brain
51
Protective layer bone the covers and protects the spinal cord:
Vertebral column
52
How many sections are in the spinal cord?
5
53
How many sections in the cervical spine?
7
54
How many sections in the thoracic spine?
12
55
How many sections in the lumbar spine?
5
56
How many sections in the sacrum spine?
5 fused
57
How many sections in the coccyx?
4 fused
58
what does meninges do?
Protects the nervous system from trauma injury to the brain/anchors central nervous system, keeps the brain for moving around within the skull/support system for blood vessels that deliver blood to the tissues nerves lymphatics and CSF
59
meninges are three layers of membranes that cover/protect brain and spinal cord:
dura mater(outter layer close to skull) arachnoid mater (middle layer) pia mater (inner layer close to brain tissue)
60
3 spaces between meninges layers are:
epidural space (between bone & dura mater) Subdural space (between dura mayer and arachnoid mater) subarachnoid space (between arachnoid mater and pia mater)
61
what are microglia cells?
immune cells of the CNS found in brain/spinal cord protects against infection and inflammation
62
nervous system is responsible for:
sending/receiving/interpreting information from all parts of the body
63
brain is made of 3 main parts:
cerebrum cerebellum medulla oblongata
64
cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into _____
left/right hemispheres
65
each hemisphere of the brain has 4 lobes:
frontal temporal parietal occipital
66
the 2 brain hemispheres are connected by a nerve tract called:
corpus callosum
67
cerebrum of the brain concerns:
learning memory interpretation personality
68
cerebellum in back of brain controls:
balance movement coordination
69
brain stem is beneath cerebrum connects brain to spinal cord and is composed of:
midbrain pons medulla oblongata
70
The brainstem control the number of autonomy functions:
respiration blood pressure
71
spinal cord starts from medulla oblongata down the back and protected by
spinal column
72
spinal cord is a hollow tube containing
cerebro spinal fluid
73
how many pairs of nerves arise from spinal cord?
31
74
function of nerves:
transmit info from body organs to brain and from brain to the organs
75
Ganglia are oval shaped structures that contain neuron cell bodies and the function is:
work as a relay station for nerve cells one nerve enters and another exits from each ganglion
76
PNS contains thousands of nerves that connect the spinal cord to muscles and sensory receptors. PNS is responsible for:
reflexes fight or flight response
77
inability to speak
aphasia
78
dysphasia
speech difficulty
79
clinical term for headache or general pain in region of head
cephalalgia
80
series of involuntary muscle spasms caused by an uncoordinated excitation of motor neurons that trigger a muscle contraction .sign of neurological disorder. Also called a seizure.
convulsion
81
excessive sensitivity to painful stimuli
hyperalgesia
82
excessive sensitivity to stimulus such as touch/sound/pain
hyperesthesia
83
pain in a nerve
neuralgia
84
condition of pain in many nerves
polyneuralgia
85
generalized experience of body fatigue often associated with mental depression
neurasthenia
86
abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling caused by an injury to one or more nerves
paresthesia
87
temporary loss of consciousness, due to a sudden reduction of blood flow to the brain, often called fainting Greek meaning sudden loss of strength
syncope
88
The nervous system allows us to:
sence the world around us, form, thoughts and memories control, body movements, many internal functions
89
components that protect the nervous tissue:
bone meninges cerebrospinalfluid
90
connects the brain to the lower back/carries nerve singles to and from brain and body/nerve signals, allow us to feel sensations and move our body/damage can affect body movement or function
spinal cord
91
protect central nervous system from trauma injury to the brain/anchors, CNS and keep the brain for moving around within the skull/supports blood vessels that deliver blood to the CNS tissues, nerves lymphatics, and cerebrospinals fluid
meninges
92
immune cells of the CNS found in the brain and spinal cord, protects against brain infection and inflammation
microglia cells
93
The nerves, and this form the peripheral nervous system are oval shaped which contain neuron cell bodies work as a relay station for nerve signals one nerve enters in another exits from each one
ganglia
94
Practice focusses on treatment of behavioural issues
Clinical psychologist
95
-algesia
pain
96
-asthenia
weakness

medical Terminology (5 decks)

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