Ch 14

Question 1

_____ acts as a reinforcer, ________ acts as a punishment

Answer 1

Praise; disapproval

Question 2

Higher order social emotions (4)

Answer 2

embarrassment (distinctly human emotion), shame (more painful; darker), guilt (response to violation of internal standards), pride (adaptive expression in social interactions)

Question 3

Joy activates ______ and pride activates _______

Answer 3

ventral striatum and insula; rpSTS and left temporal pole

Question 4

Theory of Mind

Answer 4

Ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others. The ability to understand that others may have beliefs, desires and intentions that differ from your own.

Question 5

3 Types of Social Interaction

Answer 5

Joint attention: when two or more people coordinate their attention on an external entity.
Shared attention: when two or more people coordinate their attention on each other
Joint action: when two or more people coordinate their actions

Question 6

Empathy and Sympathy

Answer 6

Empathy involves personally identifying with another and feeling what they’re feeling.
Sympathy involves compassion towards another person as we understand they’re suffering.
Empathy appears to be present in infancy and both empathy and sympathy have been seen in primates.

Question 7

Prosopagnosia

Answer 7

Damage to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe sometimes results in prosopagnosia or facial blindness. Characterized by an inability to recognize or differentiate faces.

Question 8

Psychopaths

Answer 8

Lack of regard for others; no remorse, no conscience, no empathy, objectification of others, pervasive pattern of violation of rights. Damage or deficit to frontal cortex or amygdala. CEOs and those in positions of power have much in common with psychopaths.