Ch 14 Principles of Neutralization Titrations

Question 1

Diluted acids that can be standard solutions

Answer 1

diluted concentrated hydrochloric, perchloric, or sulfuricacid.

Question 2

An ____________ is a weak organic acid or a weak organic base whose undissociated form differs in color from its conjugate base or its conjugate acid form.

Answer 2

acid/base indicator

Question 3

Titration Errors with Acid/Base Indicators

Answer 3

Determinate error - that occurs when the pH at which the indicator changes color differs from the pH at the equivalence point.

Indeterminate error - that originates from the limited ability of the human eye to distinguish reproducibly the intermediate color of the indicator.

Question 4

Variables That Influence the Behavior of Indicators, wherein the pH interval over which a given indicator exhibits a color change is influenced by

Answer 4

temperature, by the ionic strength of the medium, and by the presence of organic
solvents and colloidal particles

Question 5

distinct stage
in the titration:

Answer 5

(1) preequivalence, (2) equivalence, and (3) postequivalence

Question 6

we compute the concentration of the acid from its starting concentration and the amount of base added

Answer 6

preequivalence stage,

Question 7

the hydronium
and hydroxide ions are present in equal concentrations, and the hydronium ion concentration can be calculated directly from the ion-product constant for water, Kw.

Answer 7

equivalence point,

Question 8

the analytical concentration of the excess base is computed, and the hydroxide ion concentration is assumed to be equal to or a multiple
of the analytical concentration.

Answer 8

postequivalence stage,

Question 9

used to determine the dissociation constants in titration

Answer 9

half-titration points

Question 10

The end point where the steepest part of the titration curve can be found. The pH change with respect to volume is at maximum

Answer 10

Inflection point