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Chem 194 - Analytical Chemistry C3 > Ch 2 Chemicals, Apparatus, and Unit Operations of Analytical Chemistry > Flashcards

Ch 2 Chemicals, Apparatus, and Unit Operations of Analytical Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

These chemicals conform tot he minimum std set by the ACS and are used in analytical works

A

Reagent Grade

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2
Q

Chemicals that have been analyzed by the suppliers, and the result is printed on the container label. The NIST is an excellent source of these chemicals

A

Primary Standard Reagents

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2
Q

Chemicals of complex substances that have been exhaustively analyzed

A

Reference standards

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3
Q

The oxidation of the organic constituents of a sample with oxidizing reagents such as HNO3, H2SO4, etc, or a combination of reagents

A

Wet ashing

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3
Q

The sudden, often violent boiling that tends to spatter solution out of its container

A

Bumb

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4
Q

An instrument for determining mass with a maximum capacity that ranges from 1 g to a few Kg and precision at maximum capacity of at least 1 part in 10^5

A

Analytical balance

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5
Q

The most common type of analytical balance with a maximum load of 160 to 200 g and a precision of 0.1 mg.

A

Macrobalance

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6
Q

A type of analytical balance with a maximum load of 10 to 30 g and a precision of 0.01 mg.

A

Semimicroanalytical balance

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7
Q

A type of analytical balance with a maximum load of 1 to 3 g and a precision of 0.001 mg.

A

Microanalytical balance

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8
Q

A balance that appeared in the market in 1946 and rapidly replaces the equal-arm balance due to speed and convenience

A

Single-pan analytical balance

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8
Q

A traditional analytical balance that is tedious and time consuming

A

Equal-arm balance

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8
Q

A balance which have neither a beam nor a knife edge and superior to the single-pan analytical balance

A

Electronic analytical balance

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9
Q

A device in which a small electric signal causes a mechanical system to return to null position

A

Servo system

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10
Q

Where the pan is tethered to a system of constraints

A

Cell

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11
Q

The cell incorporates several ____ that permit limited movement of the pan and prevent torsional forces

A

Flexures

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11
Q

The mass of an empty sample container

A

Tare

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11
Q

The process of setting the balance to read zero

A

taring

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11
Q

Electronic balances generally feature an automatic _____ that causes the display to read zero

A

Taring control

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12
Q

Are prism-shaped agate or sapphire devices that from low friction bearings with two planar surfaces contained in stirrups

A

Knife edges

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12
Q

A mechanical device that raises the beams so that the central knife edge no longer touches its bearing surface

A

Beam arrest

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13
Q

This supports most of the mass of the pan and its content and thus prevents oscillation

A

Pan arrest

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13
Q

Mounted near the end of the beam opposite the pan. This device contains a piston that moves within the concentric cylinder

A

Air damper/ dashpot

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14
Q

This is a small transparent screen mounted on the beam, is scribed with a scale that reads 0 to 100 mg

A

Reticle

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15
Q

An inexpensive weighing paper for powdered or granular samples because particles have little tendency to adhere to this paper

A

Glassine paper

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16
Q

The process of making glassine paper is called

A

Calendering

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17
Q

Is the weighing error that develops when the object being weighed has a significantly different density from that of the std masses.

A

Buoyancy error

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18
Q

Are convenient for drying and storing liquids

A

Weighing bottles

18
Q

Balances that are less precise than analytical balances are called

A

Auxiliary balances

19
Q

Is a process in which a solid is cycled through heating, cooling, and weighing steps until its mass becomes constant to within 02. to 0.3 mg

A

Ignition to constant mass

19
Q

A device for drying substances or objects

A

Desiccator

20
Q

The most common way of removing moisture from liquids. This is to minimize the uptake of moisture

A

Oven drying

21
Q

Examples of desiccant or chemical drying agent

A

Calcium sulfate, anhyd. calcium chloride, anhyd. magnesium perchlorate, etc

22
Q

Heating at ___ to ____ for __ hour is sufficient to remove the moisture from the surface of most solids

A

105 to 110 C, 1 hour

23
Q

Is a simple method for determining a series of sample masses

A

Weighing by difference

24
Q

These substances rapidly absorb moisture from the atmosphere

A

Hygroscopic substances

25
Q

Crucibles that are manufactured in fine, medium, and coarse porosities with maximum temp limit at 200 C.

A

Sintered-glass crucibles

25
Q

This crucible serves only as containers

A

Simple crucibles

25
Q

This crucible serve not only as containers but also filters

A

Filtering crucibles

25
Q

Crucibles that have a perforated bottom that supports a fibrous mat that can tolerate temp of more than 500 C

A

Gooch crucibles

26
Q

Give two filtering medium of gooch crucibles

A

Asbestos (old), Glass mats (new)

27
Q

This filtering media for gravimetric analysis is slow, inconvenient, not inert, and cheap

A

Paper/ filter paper

28
Q

This filtering media for gravimetric analysis is rapid, convenient, inert, and has a maximum ignition of >500 C

A

Gooch crucible

29
Q

This filtering media for gravimetric analysis is rapid, convenient, inert, expensive, and has a maximum ignition of 200-500 C

A

Glass crucible

30
Q

This filtering media for gravimetric analysis is rapid, convenient, inert, expensive, and has a maximum ignition of 1000 C

A

Porcelain crucible

31
Q

This filtering media for gravimetric analysis is rapid, convenient, inert, expensive, and has a maximum ignition of 1450 C

A

Aluminum oxide crucible

32
Q

A heavy-duty electric furnace that is capable of maintaining controlled temperatures of 1100 C and higher

A

Muffle furnace

33
Q

the process of turning the crucible upside down in the adaptor and sucking water through inverted crucible

A

Backwashing

33
Q

is the process of pouring a liquid gently so as not to disturb a solid in the bottom of the container

A

Decantation

34
Q

A small section of the rubber tubing that dislodges the last traces of precipitate

A

Rubber policeman

35
Q

The process in which a solid moves up the side of a wetted container or filter paper. This is a property of precipitates as it spreads over a wetted surface against the force of gravity

A

Creeping

35
Q

This is used when a filtering crucibles can be used instead of paper

A

Vacuum filtration train

36
Q

Unit of volume that is defined as one cubic decimeter (dm^3)

A

Liter

37
Q

Unit of volume that is defined as one one-thousandth of a liter (10^-3 L)

A

milliliter

38
Q

Volume may be measured reliably with a ___, ___, and _____

A

pipet, buret, and volumetric flask

39
Q

Meaning of TC and TD

A

to contain, to deliver

40
Q

The flask that is calibrated to deliver one specified volume

A

Volumetric flasks

40
Q

This volumetric equipment permit the transfer of accurately known volumes from one container to another

A

Pipets

40
Q

This pipet delivers a single fixed volume between 0.5 to 200 mL

A

Volumetric pipets

41
Q

Pipets that are calibrated in convenient units to permit delivery of any volume up to a maximum capacity of 0.1 to 25 mL

A

Measuring pipets

42
Q

Pipets that deliver adjustable microliter volumes of liquid

A

Handheld Eppendorf Micropipets

43
Q

Is the curved surface of a liquid at its interface with the atmosphere

A

Meniscus

43
Q

A volumetric instrument that has substantially greater precision than a pipet

A

Buret

44
Q

Is the apparent displacement of a liquid level or of a pointer as an observer changes position. This happen when an object is viewed from a position that is not a right angle to the object

A

Parallax

45
Q

A condition that causes the volume to appear smaller than its actual value if the meniscus is viewed from above. And the value became larger when the meniscus is viewed from below

A

Parallax

46
Q

A measured fraction of the volume of a liquid sample

A

Aliquot

47
Q
A

Chem 194 - Analytical Chemistry C3 (27 decks)

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