ch 14 txtbk Flashcards
(22 cards)
biggest barriers to treatment
-fear of being judged/discrim. against
(certain issues are more stigmatized than others)
biomedical model
mental disorders are brain diseases and emphasizes pharmacological treatment to target these abnormalities
(NOT the fault of person)
diathesis-stress model
combo of BOTH (family history+stressful life) that can determine how likely it is to develop a mental disorder
criteria to determine if behaviour is normal/abnormal
the behaviour must interfere with at least ONE important aspect of the person’s life
psychoanalytic therapy
bringing unconscious struggles into consciousness (e.g. dream analysis)
-increases patient’s understanding of their own psychological process
person-centered (humanistic) therapy
encouragement of personal growth thru self-understanding (congruence)
-safe and comfortable setting, empathy
cognitive therapy
attempts to modify maladaptive thought patterns
-e.g. cognitive restructuring (recognizing automatic thoughts)
behaviour therapy
attempts to modify maladaptive behaviours and the environ. that triggers them (reconditioning)
-e.g. systematic desensitization (exposure therapy)
cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)
combines both cog therapy and beh. therapy to CORRECT faulty thinking and CHANGE maladaptive behaviors
anxiolytics
treatment of anxiety
antipsychotics
block dopamine, reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia
schizophrenia
mental disorders caused by changes in perceptions, emotions, thoughts or consciousness
(used to be classed into different subtypes)
positive symptoms
excesses in behaviour
delusions
false personal beliefs based on incorrect inferences abt reality
hallucinations
false sensory experiences
disorganized speech
loosening of associations; speech pattern where thoughts are disorganized/meaningless
negative symptoms
deficits in functioning
-isolation, withdrawal, slowed speech
-more difficult to treat than positive symp.
bipolar disorder
manic episodes
-elevated mood, increased activity, diminished need for sleep, racing thougths
different types based on nature of manic (or hypomanic0 and depressive (or neutral) episodes
major depressive disorder
requires presence of depressed mood and/or anhedonia(lack of interest), along with other physical or cog. symptoms
potential causes of anxiety disorders
cognitive factors
-attention to and perception of threat
–ambiguous stimuli
-interpretation of bodily sensations (panic disorder)
biological factors
-genetics
-fear circuitry dysfunction (amygdala, prefrontal cortex)
OCD obsessions vs compulsions
obsessions
-recurrent, intrusive, and UNWANTED thoughts or ideas or mental images (include fear of contamination, or agression)
compulsions
-particular acts that one feels driven to perform over and over; include cleaning, checking and counting
causes of ocd
-strong genetic component
-classical and operant conditioning process
–anxiety paired with event (CC), behavior linked with relief (OC)
