Ch. 15 Critical Thinking

Question 1

Scientific method

Answer 1

systematic, ordered approach to gathering data and solving problems.

Question 2

Problem solving

Answer 2

obtain information and then use the information plus what you already know to find a solution. Evaluating a situation over time, identifying possible solutions, and trying a solution over time to make sure that it is effective.

Question 3

Decision making

Answer 3

focuses on problem resolution.

Question 4

Diagnostic reasoning

Answer 4

Analytical process for determining a pt’s health problems. Mental steps (data clustering and analysis, problem ID) that follow assessment and lead directly to the formulation of a diagnosis.

Question 5

Inference

Answer 5

Process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence.

Question 6

Clinical decision making

Answer 6

careful reasoning so the best options are chosen for the best outcomes or problem solving approach that nurses use to define patient problems and select appropriate treatment.

Question 7

Nursing process

Answer 7

Systematic problem solving method by which nurses individualize care for each patient. Five-step clinical decision-making approach: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The purpose is to diagnose and treat human responses.

Question 8

Critical thinking

Answer 8

ability to think in a systematic and logical manner with openness to questions and reflect on the reasoning process.

Question 9

Evidence-based knowledge

Answer 9

Knowledge that is derived from the integration of best research, clinical expertise, and patient values.

Question 10

Reflection

Answer 10

turning over a subject in the mind and thinking about it. Thinking about it and recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning.

Question 11

Knowing the patient

Answer 11

knowing the patient in depth knowledge of a pt’s patterns or responses within a clinical situation and knowing the patient as a person.

Question 12

Concept map

Answer 12

visual representation of patient problems and interventions that shows their relationships to one another.

Question 13

Assessment

Answer 13

First step of the nursing process. Activities required in the first step are data collection, validation, sorting, and documentation, The purpose is to gather information for health problem identification.

Question 14

Cue

Answer 14

Information that you obtain through use of the senses.

Question 15

Functional health patterns

Answer 15

methods for organizing assessment data based on the level of pt function in specific areas.

Question 16

Open ended questions

Answer 16

Pts describe a situation in more than one or two words. this leads to a discussion.

Question 17

Back channeling

Answer 17

Includes active listening prompts such as all right, go on or uh-huh.

Question 18

Closed-ended questions

Answer 18

limit answers to one or two words such as yes or no or a number or frequency of a symptom.

Question 19

Nursing health history

Answer 19

data collected about a pt’s recent level of wellness, changes in life patterns, sociocultural role, and mental and emotional reactions to illness.

Question 20

Concomitant symptoms

Answer 20

Does the pt have other symptoms associate with the primary symptoms.

Question 21

Review of system (ROS)

Answer 21

systematic approach for collecting subjective information from pts about the presence or absence of health related issues in each body system.

Question 22

Validation

Answer 22

the comparison of data with another source to determine data accuracy.