Ch 2

Question 0

Contains most of Earth’s mass

Answer 0

Mantle

Question 1

Center of Earth made up of iron and nickel

Answer 1

Core

Question 2

Thin rocky layer

Answer 2

Crust

Question 3

Layer of gases surrounding the earth

Answer 3

Atmosphere

Question 4

Crust and upper mantle

Answer 4

Lithosphere

Question 5

All water bodies on earth

Answer 5

Hydrosphere

Question 6

All living things on earth

Answer 6

Biosphere

Question 7

States that at one point all continents were attached

Answer 7

Continental drift

Question 8

Circulation of water between atmosphere and earth

Answer 8

Hydrologic cycle

Question 9

Water contained in the ground

Answer 9

Ground water

Question 10

An opening in Earth’s crust, usually raised, where lava can escape

Answer 10

Volcano

Question 11

Narrow passage connecting two larger bodies of water

Answer 11

Strait

Question 12

Body of land surrounded by water

Answer 12

Island

Question 13

Land extending into a lake or ocean- covered on three sides by water

Answer 13

Peninsula

Question 14

Part of an ocean or lake partially enclosed

Answer 14

Bay or gulf

Question 15

Sheltered area of water deep enough to dock ships

Answer 15

Harbor

Question 16

Where a river flows into a lake or ocean

Answer 16

River mouth

Question 17

Transition between a body of water and land

Answer 17

Marsh

Question 18

Wide flat topped mountain with steep sides

Answer 18

Mesa

Question 19

A shorter Mesa

Answer 19

Butte

Question 20

Fertile area within a non-fertile region

Answer 20

Oasis

Question 21

Natural elevation of earths surface

Answer 21

Mountain

Question 22

Low land between hills or mountains

Answer 22

Valley

Question 23

Large ice mass that moves slowly across land

Answer 23

Glacier

Question 24

Narrow and deep valley with steep edges

Answer 24

Canyon

Question 25

Steep almost vertical edge of another landform

Answer 25

Cliff

Question 26

Enormous pieces of earths lithosphere

Answer 26

Tectonic plates

Question 27

Plates move apart, spreading horizontally

Answer 27

Divergent

Question 28

Plates collide, causing either one to dive under the other plate

Answer 28

Convergent

Question 29

Plates slide past each other

Answer 29

Transform

Question 30

As plates grind or slip past each other at a fault, the earth may violently tremble -name of tremble

Answer 30

Earthquake

Question 31

Location where an earthquake occurs

Answer 31

Focus

Question 32

Location above focus directly on the earth's crust

Answer 32

Epicenter

Question 33

Smaller earthquakes which occur in the periods after a major earthquake

Answer 33

Aftershock

Question 34

Uses information collected by seismographs to determine the relative strength of an earthquake

Answer 34

Richter scale

Question 35

Giant ocean wave

Answer 35

Tsunami

Question 36

The most dramatic type of volcanic release

Answer 36

Eruption

Question 37

Physical and chemical Processes that change the characteristics of earth's surface

Answer 37

Weathering

Question 38

Doesn't change the composition of the rock Changes size

Answer 38

Mechanical weathering

Question 39

Occurs when weathered material is moved by the action of wind, water, ice, or gravity

Answer 39

Erosion

Question 40

Water flowing downstream picks up loose material and transports it downstream

Answer 40

Water erosion

Question 41

Particles picked up by the water work like sandpaper on surrounding areas

Answer 41

Abrasion

Question 42

Collects particles and deposits them in different areas

Answer 42

Wind erosion

Question 43

Glaciers slowly move across land due to gravity Rocks under glaciers cut the ground

Answer 43

Glacial erosion

Question 44

Changing of landforms by the slow movement of glaciers

Answer 44

Glaciation

Question 45

Loose mixture or weathered rock, organic matter, air, and water that supports plant growth

Answer 45

Soil

Question 46

Amount of organic material in soil

Answer 46

Humus

Question 47

Chemical composition of the original rock base

Answer 47

Parent material

Question 48

How flat or steep is the area?

Answer 48

Relief

Question 49

_______ Like Plants and worms can help loosen the soil

Answer 49

Organism

Question 50

What is the water content of the soil?

Answer 50

Climate

Question 51

2.5 cm³ of soil will take about a century to create

Answer 51

Time