semester 2 exam review Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
why did the first americans come to america
A
followed animal herds-large source of food
2
Q
why don’t we know more about this time period
A
no written records, history was kept orally
3
Q
what occurred at the same time large game died out
A
agricultural revolution-people began to grow more food
4
Q
what can people do when there is a surplus of food
A
people can specialize in other jobs
5
Q
what types of advances did china make in this time period
A
more accurately calculated the year, invented paper, made world’s first printed book
6
Q
what was the first printed book
A
diamond sutra
7
Q
what helped the expansion of islam
A
trade
8
Q
what was the earliest west african trading post
A
ghana
9
Q
who do many believe were the first people the reach america
A
vikings
10
Q
what is feudalism
A
idea that a noble would be given land (a manor) in exchange for his military service
11
Q
why was feudalism created
A
created to comat vikings and other invaders
12
Q
where did most important events in feudal europe occur
A
church
13
Q
when did the crusades occur
A
between 1096 and 1200
14
Q
what were the effects of the crusades
A
increased trade with middle east, created urban middle class or bourgeoisie
15
Q
what new technology helped europeans travel further
A
astrolabe, larger ships, and caravels
16
Q
what is a caravel
A
lateen sails had smaller rudders and were smaller but were more mauverable
17
Q
what were ships in this period called
A
“Foul stinkers”
18
Q
what would a sailor’s diet consist of in this period
A
pickled beef or pork, fresh rain water stored in barrels, and hard tack
19
Q
what country lead the way in regards to exploration in this period
A
Portugal
20
Q
where did christopher columbus grow up
A
genoa
21
Q
did columbus believe the world was flat or round
A
round
22
Q
why did columbus believe he could sail west and reach asia
A
believed no land lied between europe and asia to the west
23
Q
who funded columbus’s journey
A
queen isabella dna king ferdianand
24
Q
what were the names of columbus’s ships
A
nina, pinta, santa maria
25
who reserved the newly discovered land for spain
pope alexander vi
26
who felt the pope's decision favored spain
king john
27
who was ferdinand magellan
a portuguese mariner who was first to circumnavigate the globe
28
why did hernan cortez decide to explore the mainland
he was intrigued by stories of gold
29
what culture did cortez conquer
aztec
30
what area made up la florida
everything from florida to new england
31
who established the first spanish settlement in new mexico
pedro menendez
32
who pushed the spanish out of new mexico
pueblo
33
when was the first permanent spanish colony created in texas
1682
34
what was the problem with spain's colonial system
orders issued had to travel thousands of miles, many times the orders were ignored and other decisions were made
35
what tribe helped jamestown
powhatan
36
who was elected the president of jamestown settlers
john smith
37
who was poxahontas
favorite daughter of the powhatan leader
38
how old was pocahontas when she began helping jamestown
10 or 12 years old
39
who did pocahontas marry
john rolfe
40
why did the pilgrims leave england
religious conflict
41
what type of life did everyone in the massachusetts bay colony have to live
a moral life
42
what two prestigious universities were founded by the massachusetts bay colony
harvard and yale
43
how many were hanged in the salem witch trials
19
44
who did cecelius calvert want to create a haven for
roman catholics
45
what effect did bacons rebellion have
strengthened idea to move from indentured servants to slaves
46
who was olaudah equino
member of Ibo people who was captured and sold into slavery in mid1700s
47
what two groups made up the anti-slavery movement in this time period
quakers and abolitionists
48
who was carolina named after
king charles ii (latin)
49
what type of system did slaves work in this time period
task system
50
who was georgia going to be a haven for
the poor
51
why did Georgia fail
rules were too strict->less population and workers
52
what did the navigation act do
stated all products had to be carried on ships built by british subjects
colonies had a monopoly on tobacco
53
when did tensions begin to rise between britain and france
as britain began to gain more land in the americas
54
what city did france found to gain control of the mississippi
new orleans
55
why was control of the mississippi important
they could dominate north america's interior
56
what happened when general braddock caught up to the french
decimation/destroyed
57
what was gained by britain in the french and indian war
gained canada and all french holdings east of the mississippi except new orleans
58
why did britain oppose settlers expanding into new territory
claims about the land's potential drew in many farmers and settlers
59
what did neolin want natives to do
return to their ancient practices
60
how many people did pontiac kill
2,000
61
what dd the proclamation of 1763 do
barred any settlement west of the appalacians and any further traders had to acquire royal permission to trap these lands
62
why did james townsend think colonists opposed taxation
the british were not being taxed but the americans were
63
what is a writ of assistance
it is similar to a modern day search warrant
64
how many died at the boston massacre
3 died there, 2 died later
65
why did britain leave a small duty on tea
to show the gov. could still tax
66
why was the tea act of 1773 passed
to save the british east india company
67
what lead to the boston tea party
the sons of liberty in philadelphia and new york pledged a boycott
68
what acts were passed by britain after the boston tea party
the intolerable acts
69
what effect did these acts have
deepened colonial hostility toward britain, other colonies felt sympathy for massachusetts(sent food, etc.), colonists denounced King George III and parliament as threats to liberty
70
did paul revere travel alone
no
71
why was lexington sigificant
"shot heard round the world" first battle
72
what did the patriots gain at concord
respect
73
what did thomas paine write
common sense
74
what five men were elected to write the declaration of independence
john adams, robert livingston, roger sherman, ben franklin, and thomas jefferson
75
when was independence declared
july 2
76
why did some colonists remain loyal to the king
they did not want to be punished for being traitors
77
what advantages did american soldiers have
fought on familiar land and fought to keep homeland
78
where did britain go after they left boston
new york
79
what custom did washington ignore at the battle of trenton
cease fire on christmas
80
what british general was responsible for the loss at saratoga
burgoyne
81
who lead the fighting in the west
george rogers clark
82
who lead the fighting in the south
francis marion
83
who helped washington surround cornwallis
admiral fracois de grasse
84
why did americans deal with britain in the treaty of paris
to ensure land was not given back to spain or france
85
who urged the creation of new state constitutions
second continental congress
86
what political ideology was reflected in these constitutions
gov. gained power from people
87
who had the ability to vote in most states in this time
male, white landowners
88
what was republican motherhood
the idea that women could influence politics by offering political guidance to their sons
89
in what way did republican motherhood affect women's education
women argued that in order to be able to guide their sons politically, they needed education
90
what debate delayed the passing of the articles of confederation
land debate
91
how did new york and virginia help solve this debate
gave land to the federal gov.
92
what did the land ordinance of 1785 do
divided previously disputed land into townships
93
what did the northwest land ordinance do
established a new gov system, created the process for establishing new states, banned slavery from new states
94
what are the weaknesses of he articles of confedeation
land ordinances were only real accomplishment, changes had to be unanimous, any new legislation had to be approved by 9 of the colonies, each state was given 1 vote, federal gov had no way of paying war debts, could not require states to contribute, congress printed money with no way of backing it up
95
what was the conventions original goal
to amend the articles of confederation
96
what type of legislature was proposed in the virginia plan
bicameral
97
how many branches were in the gov proposed by the virginia plan
3
98
how were slaves counted for population in the 3/5 compromise
every 3 out of 5 slaves would count for a state's population
99
who were the federalists
supporters of the new constitution
100
who were the antifederalists
people who feared the power of national gov
101
what was the purpose of the federal papers
outline benefits of new gov
102
which amendments make up the bill of rights
first 10
103
who was the first president
george washington
104
how did hamilton propose to pay of national debt
federal gov would take over $21.5 million of the $25 million of war debt and create a united states bank
105
what is impressment
kidnapping of american sailors by the british
106
what was jay's treaty
created a treaty which would make the british abandon their north american forts, in exchange america would pay off their war debts
107
who did aaron burr kill
hamilton
108
what did lewis and clark do
explored and mapped louisiana territory
109
who is Sacagawea
acted as a guide, translator, and negotiate
crucial to this expedition
110
how did the louisiana purchase affect the united states
added part or all of 13 present day states
111
how did americans feel about the embargo act
angry
112
who is tecumseh
shawnee leader who sought a military alliance among native americans, united many tribes east of mississippi from great lakes to florida, urged natives not to sell their and to the americans
113
what happened at the battle of tippecanoe
nov. 7, natives attacked his camp
americans forces suffered heavy losses, but defeated the natives
broke Tecumseh's hopes of becoming a united force
114
what did dolly madison save
some of america's most precious items including a portrait of george washington
115
did the battle of new orleans occur before or after the treaty of ghent
after
116
what effect did the treaty of ghent have on britain and america
created peace and a long standing partnership
117
the treaty of ghent lead to a long standing relationship between which two countries
britain and america
118
when did the first American arrive
between 38,000 and 10,000 BC
