Ch 2,3 - Definitions

Question 1

Laws

Answer 1

Legal rules by legal authorities enforceable by police and other agencies

Question 2

Social Cohesion

Answer 2

Willingness of society members to cooperate with others to survive and prosper

Question 3

Criminal Law

Answer 3

Area of law defining behaviour/conduct prohibited and outlines the sanctions for those that commit

Question 4

Sanction

Answer 4

Penalty imposed by a court on a person guilty of a criminal offence

Question 5

Guilty Plea

Answer 5

When offender formally admits guilt, considered by courts when sentencing

Question 6

Criminal Justice System

Answer 6

Set of processes and institutions used to investigate and determine criminal cases

Question 7

Rule of Law

Answer 7

Everyone in society is bound by law and must obey it. Laws should be fair and clear so people are willing and able to obey.

Question 8

Accused

Offender

Answer 8

Person charged with crim offence

Person found guilty of crim offence by court

Question 9

Sanction

Answer 9

Penalty imposed by court on person guilty of crim offence

Question 10

Prosecution

Prosecutor

Answer 10

Party that institutes crim proceedings against accused on behalf of state

Rep of prosecution who is respons for conducting crim case amd appearing in court

Question 11

Office of Public Prosecutions

Answer 11

Vic public prosec. office that prepares and conducts crim proceedings on behalf of the DPP

Question 12

Director of Public Prosecutions

Answer 12

Independent officer responsible for commencing, preparing, and conducting prosecutions of indictable offences on behalf of Vic

Question 13

Jury

Answer 13

Independent group of people chosen at random to determine questions of fact in a trial and reach a decision

Question 14

Summary Offence

Indictable Offence

Answer 14

Minor offence heard in the Mag court

Serious offence heard in the County/Supreme

Question 15

Indict Heard Summarily

Answer 15

Serious offence dealt with as a summary offence if court and accused agree

Question 16

Committal Proceeding

Answer 16

Pre-trial hearings and processes held in Mag court for indictable - allows for Mag to determine whether sufficient evidence to support conviction for offence charged

Question 17

Committal Hearing

Answer 17

Court hearing held as part of committal proceeding in Mag - allows for Mag to determine whether sufficient evidence to support conviction for offence charged

Question 18

BoP

SoP

Answer 18

Obligation of a party to prove a case usually resting on party who initiates the action

Degree to which a case must be proven in court

Question 19

Beyond Reasonable Doubt

Answer 19

SoP in criminal cases requiring prosecution to prove that there is no reasonable doubt that the accused commjtted the offence

Question 20

Presumption of Innocence

Answer 20

Right of a person accused of a crime to be presumed not guilty unless proven otherwise

Question 21

Remand

Bail

Answer 21

Situation where accused is kept in custody until their crim trial

Release of accused person from custody on condition that they will attend a court hearing to answer the charges

Question 22

Victim

Answer 22

Person who has suffered direct/indirect as result of crime

Question 23

Victims’ Charter
Statute?

Answer 23

Recognises the impact of crime on victims and provides guidelines for the provision of info to victims

“Victims’ Charter Act 2006 (VIC)”

Question 24

Alternative Arrangements

Answer 24

Measures that can be put in place for witnesses in certain criminal cases to give evidence in a different way

Question 25

Complainant

Answer 25

Person who makes formal legal claim that another person has committed a crim offence against them

Question 26

Victims Register

Answer 26

Register maintained by the state of Vic set up to provide the victims lf violent crimes with relevant info abt adult prisoners while they are in prison