Ch 2 - Observing Invertebrates (2.1 - 2.6)

Question 1

Name the two kingdom divisions we have used in the classification of living things.

Answer 1

plant and animal

Question 2

Which two divisions of the classification system are used to form the scientific name of a plant or animal?

Answer 2

genus and species

Question 3

Which two languages did scientists use for the classification system?

Answer 3

Latin and Greek

Question 4

Why did scientists choose to use Latin and Greek terms for each sicentific name?

Answer 4

All the educated people in the world were familiar with Latin and Greek languages when the classification system was developed.

Question 5

What are the three body regions of an insect?

Answer 5

head

thorax

abdomen

Question 6

How many pairs of legs and wings does an insect have?

Answer 6

three pairs of jointed legs

one or more pairs of wings

Question 7

Give the three uses for an insect’s antennae.

Answer 7

feeling

hearing

tasting

Question 8

What are the two kinds of metamorphosis?

Answer 8

complete metamorphosis

incomplete metamorphosis

Question 9

What stage of complete metamorphosis is the eating and growing stage?

Answer 9

larva

Question 10

What stage of complete metamorphosis is the resting stage (in a chrysalis or cocoon)?

Answer 10

pupa

Question 11

Name three insects that belong to the order Coleoptera (“sheath wings”)

Answer 11

Ladybugs, June beetles, fireflies, (Christmas beetles)

Question 12

Name three insects that belong to the order Hymenoptera (“membrane wings”).

Answer 12

ants, bees, wasps

Question 13

Name three insects that belong to the order Orthoptera (“straight wings”).

Answer 13

grasshoppers, crickets, locusts, cockroaches

Question 14

Name three insects that belong to the order Homoptera (“same wings”).

Answer 14

cicada, aphid, tree hopper, leaf hopper

Question 15

Name two insects that belong to the order Lepidoptera (“scale wings”).

Answer 15

butterflies, moths

Question 16

Name two insects that belong to the order Odonata (“toothed”).

Answer 16

dragonflies, damselflies

Question 17

Name three insects that belong to the order Diptera (“two wings”).

Answer 17

flies, gnats, mosquitoes

Question 18

Name three insects that belong to the order Hemiptera (“half wings”).

Answer 18

bedbugs, squash bugs, stinkbugs, water striders

Question 19

What class do spiders belong to?

Answer 19

arachnids

Question 20

What are the two body regions of a spider?

Answer 20

cephalothorax and abdomen

Question 21

What are the differences between insects and spiders?

Answer 21

Insects have:
6 legs
one or two pairs of wings
three body segments (head, thorax, abdomen)
no spinnerets
no book lung (breathes through spiracles)
goes through metamorphosis
feels with antennae

Spiders have:
8 legs
no wings
two body segments (cephalothorax, abdomen)
book lung
spinnerets
does not go through metamorphosis
feels with setae

Question 22

Name three “trap-weaving” spiders.

Answer 22

platform spiders, funnel weaver, house spider

Question 23

Name two spiders that “ambush” their prey.

Answer 23

Ogre-faced spider, trap-door spider

Question 24

What type of hunting spider is noted for its keen eyesight?

Answer 24

jumping spider

Question 25

Name two swimming spiders. Which one lives underwater its whole life?

Answer 25

fishing spider and water spider

water spider

Question 26

What two poisonous spiders are mentioned in the text and what are their main identifying marks?

Answer 26

black widow - brightly coloured ‘hourglass’ on abdomen

brown recluse - dark violin-shaped marking on head and six eyes arranged in three pairs

Question 27

What is the largest spider in the world and to what group of spiders does it belong?

Answer 27

the Goliath birdeater

tarantulas

Question 28

What arachnid is sometimes called “daddy longlegs”?

Answer 28

harvestman

Question 29

Give three characteristics that distinguish scorpions from spiders.

Answer 29

Scorpions have long bodies, pincers, a tail and breathe entirely through book lungs; they also bear live young instead of laying eggs.

Question 30

Name two types of arachnids that are parasites.

Answer 30

ticks and mites

Question 31

What term describes the organism on which a parasite lives?

Answer 31

host

Question 32

What are the smallest arachnids?

Answer 32

mites

Question 33

What infections can mites cause in animals and people?

Answer 33

mange (animals) and scabies (people)