CH. 2 Principles of Drug Action Flashcards
Drug administration
how it is made available to the body/ how it gets inside the body
Pharmacokinetics
what the body does to the drug
Pharmacodynamics
what the drug does to the body
Systemic effect
the drug must enter the bloodstream
local effect
the bloodstream is not desired because it will increase the chances of unwanted side effects
Enteral Administration
goes through the GI tract/mouth/swallowed
–tablets, capsules, suppositories,elixir, suspension
Parenteral Administration
injection, requires a needle
–Intravenous/IV,
Transdermal Administration
applied directly to the skin for systemic effect
–patch, paste
Inhalation Administration
breathed in through the airways
–gas,aerosol
Topical Administration
applied directly to the skin for a local effect
–powder,lotion, ointment
Pharmacokinet Phases
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
Absorption
Dissolved to free active ingredient
free drug reaches the lining of the stomach, crosses membrane barriers, then reaches bloodstream
Distribution
the process by which a drug is transported to its sites of action, eliminated, or stored
Metabolism
Liver is primary site
breakdown of the drug
Elimination
Kidneys are the primary site
removes drug metabolites produced by the liver
