Ch 2 Vocab

Question 0

Electron

Answer 0

Negatively charged particle

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Center of the atom

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Pure substance, one type of atom

Question 3

Isotope

Answer 3

Same element atoms with different number of neutrons

Question 4

Compound

Answer 4

A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions

Question 5

Ionic bond

Answer 5

One or more electrons transferred from one atom to another

Question 6

Covalent bond

Answer 6

Electrons are shared between atoms

Question 7

Molecule

Answer 7

Smallest unit of most compounds

Question 8

Van dee waals forces

Answer 8

Intermolecular forces of attraction

Question 9

Polar molecule

Answer 9

A molecule in which the chargers are unevenly distributed

Question 10

Mixture

Answer 10

A material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together

Question 11

Solute

Answer 11

The substance that is dissolved

Question 12

Solvent

Answer 12

The substance in which the solute dissolves

Question 13

Suspensions

Answer 13

A mixture of water and a mom dissolved material

Question 14

PH

Answer 14

Indicate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution

Question 15

Acid

Answer 15

A compound that forms H+ ions in a solution

Question 16

Base

Answer 16

any compound that forms hydroxide ions (OH- ions) in a solution

Question 17

Monomers

Answer 17

The smaller unit in a polymer

Question 18

Polymers

Answer 18

Monomers that join together

Question 19

Carbohydrates

Answer 19

Compounds make up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms 1:2:1

Question 20

Monosaccharides

Answer 20

Single sugar molecules

Question 21

Polysaccharides

Answer 21

Large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides

Question 22

Lipids

Answer 22

A large and varied group of biological molecules that are generally not soluble in water; made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 23

Saturated

Answer 23

Fatty acids contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms

Question 24

Unsaturated

Answer 24

There is at least one carbon-carbon double bond in a fatty acid

Question 25

Nucleic acids

Answer 25

Are macromolecules containing nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and phosphorus

Question 26

Nucleotides

Answer 26

consist of three parts: 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 27

RNA

Answer 27

Contains sugar ribose

Question 28

DNA

Answer 28

Contains sugar deoxyribose

Question 29

Proteins

Answer 29

Macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

Question 30

Amino acids

Answer 30

Proteins are polymers of molecules

Question 31

Chemical reaction

Answer 31

The process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

Question 32

Activation energy

Answer 32

The energy that is needed to get a reaction started

Question 33

Catalyst

Answer 33

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 34

Enzymes

Answer 34

Proteins that act as biological catalysts

Question 35

Substrates

Answer 35

The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions

Question 36

Active site

Answer 36

The substrates bind to a site on the enzyme