Ch 2 Vocab Flashcards
(20 cards)
Scientific method
Logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data
System
Specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation
Hypothesis
Testable statement
If-then statements
Model
More than a physical object, often an explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related
Theory
Broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena
Quantity
Something that has magnitude, size, or amount
SI
Le system international d’unites
Single measurement system scientists all over the world have agreed on
Weight
Measure of the gravitational pull on matter
Derived unit
Formed by combinations of SI base units
Volume
Amount of space occupied by an object
Density
The ratio of mass to volume, or mass divided by volume
Conversion factor
Ratio derived from the equality between two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to the other
Dimensional analysis
Mathematical technique that allows you to use units to solve problems involving measurements
Accuracy
The closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured
Precision
The closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way
Percentage error
Calculated by subtracting the accepted value from the experimental value, dividing the difference, by the accepted value, and then multiplying by 100
Significant figures
Consists of all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated
Scientific notation
Numbers r written in the form M x 10 to the n’th power, where the factor M is a number greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10 and n is a whole number
Directly proportional
Two quantities r directly proportional to each other if dividing one by the other gives a constant value
Inversely proportional
Two quantities are inversely proportional to each other of their product is constant
