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OST14N01 Med Terms II > CH 21 Pharmacology > Flashcards

CH 21 Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Physical and psychological dependence on a subsance

A

addiction

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2
Q

drug action in which the cmbination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each

A

additive action

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3
Q

particles of drug suspended in air an inhaled

A

aerosol

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4
Q

exaggerated hypersensitivity reactoin to a previously encountered drug or foreign protein

A

aaphylaxis

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5
Q

combination of two drugs gives lass than an additive effect

A

antagonistic action

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6
Q

agent given to counteract an unwaned effect of a drug

A

antidote

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7
Q

commercial name for a drug

A

brand name

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8
Q

chemical formula for a drug

A

chemical name

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9
Q

factors that prevent the use of a drug with prolongd use

A

dependence

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10
Q

amount of drug administered, usually measured in milligrams

A

dose

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11
Q

government agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use.

A

Food and Drug Administration. (FDA)

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12
Q

legal noncommercial name for a drug

A

generic name

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13
Q

condiditon caused by treatment given by physicians or medical personel.

A

iatrogenic

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14
Q

unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive patient but not seen in most people

A

idiosyncratic reaction

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15
Q

administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth

A

inhalation

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16
Q

study of new drug synthesis, relationship between chemical structure and biological effects.

A

medicinal chemistry

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17
Q

study of interaction of drugs and their target molecules such as enzymes, or cell surface receptors.

A

molecular pharmacology

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18
Q

drugs given by mouth

A

oral administration

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19
Q

drug are given by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins

A

parenteral administraton

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20
Q

specialist in preparing and dispensing drugs

A

pharmacist

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21
Q

location for preparing and dispensing drugs

A

pharmacy

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22
Q

study of drug effects within the body

A

pharmacodynamics

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23
Q

study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolisim, and excretion over a period of time

A

pharmacokinetics

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24
Q

specialist in the study of properties, uses and side effects of drugs

A

pharmacology

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25
Q

reference book that lists drug products

A

Physicians’ Desk Reference PDR

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26
Q

target substance with which a drug interacts in the body

A

receptor

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27
Q

drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum

A

rectal administration

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28
Q

lack of beneficial effect of a drug

A

response

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29
Q

exact timing and frequency of drug administration

A

schedule

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30
Q

adverse reaction, usually minor, that routinely results from the use of a drug.

A

side effect

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31
Q

drugs are given by plaement under the toungue

A

sublingual administration

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32
Q

combimation of two drugs drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.

A

synergism

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33
Q

instrument for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body

A

syringe

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34
Q

larger and larger drug doses must be given to achieve the desired effect

A

tolerance

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35
Q

drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body

A

topical application

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36
Q

harmful effects of a drug

A

toxicity

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37
Q

study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body

A

toxicology

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38
Q

movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells

A

transport

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39
Q

authorative list of drugs , formulas, and preparations that sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing

A

United states pharmacopeia

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40
Q

substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for groth and good health

A

vitamin

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41
Q

lowers blood pressure by dialatin blood vessels. Blocks the conversion of engiotensin I and Angiotensin II

A

ACE inhibitor

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42
Q

central nervous system stimulant

A

amphetamine

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43
Q

relieves pain

A

analgesic

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44
Q

male hormone

A

androgen

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45
Q

reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local

A

anesthetic

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46
Q

lowers blood pressure by preventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels

A

angiotensin II receptor blocker

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47
Q

neutralizes acid in the stomach

A

antacid

48
Q

blocs the formation of androgens or interferd with thier effect in tissure

A

antiandrogen

49
Q

treats abnormal heart rythims

A

antiarrhythmic

50
Q

chemical substance, produced by a plant or microorganism, that has the ability to inhibit or destry foreign organisms in the body.

A

antibiotic

51
Q

prevents blod clotting

A

anticoagulant

52
Q

prevents convulusions

A

anticonvulant

53
Q

relieves symptoms of depression

A

antidepressant

54
Q

drug given to prevent or treat diabeties mellitus

A

antidiabetic

55
Q

prevents diarrhea

A

antidiarrehal

56
Q

prevents nausea

A

antiemetic

57
Q

blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy

A

antihistamine

58
Q

relieves nausea and vomiting

A

antnauseant

59
Q

reduces the tendency of platelets to stick together and form a clot

A

antiplatelet

60
Q

inhibits the secretion of scid by cells linign the stomach

A

antiulcer

61
Q

acts against viruses

A

antiviral

62
Q

reduces estrogen in the blood by blocking the enzyme aromatase

A

aromatase inhibitor

63
Q

kills bacteria

A

bactericidal

64
Q

blocks the action of epenephrine at sites on receptors of heart muscle cells, the muscle lining of blood vessels, and bronchial tubes.

A

beta-blocker

65
Q

prevents bone loss in osteoporosis

A

biphosphonate

66
Q

central nervous system stimulant, found in coffee and tea

A

caffeine

67
Q

blocks the entrance of calcium into heart muscle and muscle linging of blood vessels

A

calcium channel blocker

68
Q

increases the force of contraction of the heart

A

cardiac glycoside

69
Q

acts on the heart and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular drug

70
Q

relieves constipation

A

cathartic

71
Q

binds to dietary cholesterol and prevents its uptake rrom the gastro intestinal tract

A

cholesterol-binding drug

72
Q

lowers cholestrol by preventing its production by the liver

A

cholestrol-lowering drug

73
Q

increases the production of urine and thus reduces the volume of fluid in the body

A

diuretic

74
Q

peomotes vomiting

A

emetic

75
Q

hormone or hormone like drug

A

emetic

76
Q

feamale hormone that promotes secondary sex characteristics and support reproductive tissues

A

estrogen

77
Q

relieves symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract.

A

gastrointestinal drug

78
Q

hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces infammation

A

glucocorticoid

79
Q

produces sleep or a trance-like state

A

hypnotic

80
Q

weak cathartic

A

laxative

81
Q

habit-forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor of insensibility

A

narcotic

82
Q

female hormone that stimulates the uterine lining during pregnancy and is also used in treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and for hormone replacement therapy

A

progestin

83
Q

relieves constipation

A

purgative

84
Q

treats asthma, emmphysema, and infections of the respiratory system.

A

respiratory drug

85
Q

mildly hyptnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep

A

sedative

86
Q

excites and promotes activity

A

stimulant

87
Q

stimulates cellular metaboilism

A

thyroid hormone

88
Q

controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior

A

tranquilizer

89
Q

aer/o

A

air

90
Q

alges/o

A

sensitivity to pain

91
Q

bronch/o

A

brochial tube

92
Q

chem/o pharmac/o

A

drug

93
Q

cras/o

A

mixture

94
Q

cutane/o derm/o

A

skin

95
Q

erg/o

A

work

96
Q

esthes/o

A

feeling, sensation

97
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

98
Q

hypn/o

A

sleep

99
Q

iatr/o

A

treatment

100
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

101
Q

myc/o

A

mold, fungus

102
Q

narc/o

A

stupor

103
Q

or/o

A

mouth

104
Q

prurit/o

A

itching

105
Q

pyret/o

A

fever

106
Q

thec/o

A

sheath

107
Q

tox/o toxic/o

A

poison

108
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

109
Q

ven/o

A

vein

110
Q

vit/o

A

life

111
Q

ana-

A

again, upward, excessive

112
Q

anti-

A

against

113
Q

contra-

A

opposite, against

114
Q

par-

A

other than, apart from

115
Q

syn-

A

together, with

OST14N01 Med Terms II (11 decks)

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