CH 22 - Autoimmune Disorders (Tolerance, Autoimmunity, Autoimmune Disorder)

Question 1

All the following characteristics are common to organ-specific and organ-nonspecific disorders except:

a. Autoantibody tests are of diagnostic value.
b. Antibodies may appear in each of the main immuno-
globulin classes.
c. Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low
concentrations.
d. Circulatory autoantibodies react with normal body
constituents.

Answer 1

Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low concentrations.

Question 2

Antibody expression in the development of autoimmunity is regulated by all the following factors except:

a. Genetic predisposition
b. Increasing age
c. Environmental factors (e.g., ultraviolet [UV]
radiation)
d. Active infectious disease

Answer 2

Active infectious disease

Question 3

The mechanism responsible for autoimmune disorder is:

Answer 3

Circulating immune complexes

Question 4

One of the mechanisms believed to induce self-tolerance is:

Answer 4

Elimination of self-reactive immature lymphocytes

Question 5

The term autoimmune disease is used when:

Answer 5

Demonstrable immunoglobulins display specificity for self antigens

AND

Cytotoxic T cells display specificity for self antigens.

AND

Cytotoxic T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease

Question 6

Self-recognition (tolerance) is induced by:

Answer 6

Burnet’s clonal selection theory

AND

Elimination of the small clone of immunocompetent cells programmed to react with the antigen

AND

Induction of unresponsiveness in the immunocompetent cells through excessive antigen binding

Question 7

Autoimmune disorder associated with organ labeled 26

Answer 7

Graves’ disease

Question 8

Autoimmune disorder associated with organ labeled 27

Answer 8

Pernicious anemia

Question 9

Autoimmune disorder associated with organ labeled 28

Answer 9

Insulin-dependent diabetes

Question 10

Autoimmune disorder associated with organ labeled 29

Answer 10

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 11

Most immunologically mediated renal disorders fall into one of
the following categories, except for:

a. Association with circulating immune complexes
b. Association with circulating antigen
c. Association with anti–glomerular basement membrane antibody
d. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Answer 11

Association with circulating antigen

Question 12

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are the most common expressions of:

Answer 12

Skeletal muscle disorders

Question 13

T/F: The presence of autoantibodies are only associated with autoimmune disease.

Answer 13

FALSE

Question 14

T/F: In organ-specific disorders, antigens are only available to the lymphoid system in low concentrations.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

T/F: There is a familial tendency to develop organ-specific disorders.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

T/F: In organ-specific disorders, lesions are caused by deposition of antigen-antibody complexes.

Answer 16

FALSE

Question 17

T/F: In organ-specific disorders, there is a tendency to develop cancer.

Answer 17

TRUE