Ch 22- Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Nonsynovial joints

Answer 1

United by fibrous tissue or cartilage

Immovable or slightly movable

Question 2

Synovial joints

Answer 2

Freely moveable

Cartilage cushions bone for smooth surface for movement

Supported by ligaments

Tough, firm, flexible

Question 3

Tendon

Answer 3

Bone to muscle

Question 4

Ligament

Answer 4

Bone to bone

Question 5

Bursa

Answer 5

Enclosed sac filled with synovial fluid

Located in areas of potential friction

Question 6

Muscles

Answer 6

40-50% body weight

Voluntary

Question 7

Fasciculi

Answer 7

Bundles of muscle fibers

In skeletal muscle

Question 8

Nucleus pulposus

Answer 8

Center of disk

Soft, semifluid, mucous material

Question 9

Midcarpal joint

Answer 9

Allows flexion, extension, some rotation

Question 10

Knee: cruciate ligament

Answer 10

Anterior and posterior stability and control rotation

Question 11

Knee: collateral ligament

Answer 11

Medial and lateral stability

Prevent dislocation

Question 12

Ankle or tibiotalar joint

Answer 12

Tibia, fibula, talus

Question 13

Hinge joint

Answer 13

Limited to flexion (dorsiflexion) and extension (plantar flexion)

Question 14

Subtalar joint

Answer 14

Inversion and eversion of foot

Question 15

Circulating hormones that increase mobility

Answer 15

Estrogen

Relaxin from corpus luteum

Corticosteroids

Question 16

Changes in maternal posture

Answer 16

Due to increase mobility of sacroiliac, sacrococcygeal, and symphysis pubis joints

Question 17

Progressive lordosis

Answer 17

Enlarging fetus

Shift Weight father back on lower extremities

Anterior flexion of neck and slumping of shoulder girdle

Question 18

Developmental competence for again adult

Answer 18

Bone remodeling: after age 40 resorption occurs more rapidly than deposition

Decrease height

Kyphosis, backward head tilt , slight flexion of hips and knees

Loss in subcutaneous fat

Question 19

Ortolanis sign

Answer 19

Age specific screening measure

Infants

Question 20

Scoliosis screening

Answer 20

Age specific screening measure

Adolescent

Question 21

Phalen’s test

Answer 21

Hold hands back to back while flexing wrist 90 degrees

Acute flexion of wrist for 60 sec

Carpal tunnel syndrome: numbness and burning

Question 22

Tinel’s Sign

Answer 22

Direct percussion and location of median nerve at wrist

Carpal tunnel syndrome: Percussion of median nerve produces burning and tingling