Ch. 22 Respiratory

Question 1

External respiration

Answer 1

Exchange of O2 & CO2 is in the alveoli of lungs (air) with the capillaries (blood) from the vascular system

Question 2

Internal Respiration

Answer 2

O2 and CO2 exchange in Blood capillaries with tissue cells

Question 3

Constituents of respiratory system

Answer 3

Nose → nasal cavity → nasopharynx → oral pharynx → Larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → terminal bronchioles

Terminal bronchioles → respiratory bronchioles → alveoli ducts (respiratory ducts) –> alveoli

Question 4

Fundamental of nose (5 functions, Type of tissue)

Answer 4

1. Cleans the air
2. Moisten air
3. Warm air
4. Resonance of voice
5. Houses the olfactory neverves (roof)

• Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with goblet cells

Question 5

Conducting zone

Answer 5

Conduits for air to reach the sites of gas exchange

• Nose,
• nasal cavity,
• pharynx,
• Larynx,
• trachea

Question 6

Respiratory zone

Answer 6

Site of gas exchange

• Bronchioles,
• alveolar ducts,
• alveoli

Question 7

Cartilage of the trachea (4) (functions)

Answer 7

1. Thyroid cartilage
2. Cricoid cartilage: only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. The function of the cricoid cartilage is to provide attachments for the cricothyroid muscle, posterior cricoarytenoid muscle and lateral cricoarytenoid muscle muscles, cartilages, and ligaments involved in opening and closing the airway and in speech production.
3. Arytenoid cartilage : These allow and aid in the vocal cords’ movement.
4. Corniculate cartilage: conical cartilages that articulate with the arytenoid cartilages

Question 8

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 8

• Cricoid cartilage: only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea.
• The function of the cricoid cartilage is to provide attachments for the cricothyroid muscle, posterior cricoarytenoid muscle and lateral cricoarytenoid muscle muscles, cartilages, and ligaments involved in opening and closing the airway and in speech production.

Question 9

Arytenoid cartilage

Answer 9

These allow and aid in the vocal cords’ movement.

Question 10

Cartilage of the trachea (4)

Answer 10

1. Thyroid cartilage
2. Cricoid cartilage:
3. Arytenoid cartilage
4. Corniculate cartilage: conical cartilages that articulate with the arytenoid cartilages