CH 229

Question 1

When did plants colonize land?

Answer 1

475 mya

Question 2

Plant species

Answer 2

300,000 living spp. in almost all environments

Question 3

Multicellular photoautotrophs

Answer 3

-chloroplasts with chlorophyll and other pigments
-celulose cell walls
-store starch for energy

Question 4

What is the closest relative to plants?

Answer 4

Charophytes

Question 5

Plants & Charophytes Shared Traits

Answer 5

-ring shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis
- structure of flagellated sperm
-& dna

Question 6

What is sporopollenin?

Answer 6

-in spores & pollen
-prevents desiccation
-allows permanent terrestrial lifestyle

Question 7

Benefits of land

Answer 7

-lots of light, CO2, soil nutrients
-few competitors & predators

Question 8

Adaptations to land

Answer 8

-to absorb and transport water & minerals: roots and vascular tissue in some
-cuticle and stomata to prevent water loss
- to aid in repro success: spores and pollen, flowers, fruits, and seeds in some
-alt of gen

Question 9

4 traits absent in Charophytes

Answer 9

-alternation of generations
-walled spores produced in sporangia
- multicellular, dependent embryo
-apical meristems

Question 10

Apical meristems

Answer 10

Continual growth in stem and root of apical meristems that differentiate into tissues and organs

Question 11

Non vascular seedless and & seedless vascular plants are monophyletic groups: true or false

Answer 11

false