Ch 24 Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is pharyngitis?
Sore throat
What is laryngitis?
Inflammation of larynx/voicebox
What is epiglottitis?
Most life threatening disease of upper respiratory system
What is sinusitis?
Inflammation of sinus (part of respiratory system)
Usually self limiting
What is tonsillitis?
Inflammation of tonsils
What causes the common cold?
Over 200 different viruses including:
* Rhinoviruses (30-50%)
* Coronaviruses (10-15%)
* Enterovirus D68
What are common symptoms of the common cold?
Sneezing, nasal secretion, congestion
Can lead to laryngitis and otitis media; not accompanied by fever
Are antibiotics effective against the common cold?
No, antibiotics are for bacteria not viruses
What fungus causes Histoplasmosis?
Histoplasma capsulatum
What form does Histoplasma capsulatum take?
Dimorphic fungus; yeast form grows intracellularly in macrophages
How is Histoplasmosis acquired?
From airborne conidia in areas with bird or bat droppings
Limited geographical range in US
What type of bacteria is Haemophilus influenzae?
Gram negative coccobacillus
What risk group is most affected by Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia?
Children under 5 and adults over 65
What vaccine has reduced the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae in children?
Hib vaccine
What is Coccidiomycosis also known as?
Valley fever or San Joaquin fever
What causes Coccidiomycosis?
Coccidioides immitis
Where are arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis typically found?
In alkaline desert soils of American southwest
What is the most common viral respiratory disease in infants?
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
What are common symptoms of RSV?
Coughing and wheezing for more than a week
What is walking pneumonia also known as?
Mycoplasma pneumonia or primary atypical pneumonia
What causes walking pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae; has no cell wall
What is bronchopneumonia?
Infects alveoli adjacent to lungs
What is whooping cough also known as?
Pertussis
What bacterium causes whooping cough?
Bordetella pertussis
