Ch 26

Question 1

Define a rock

Answer 1

A naturally formed mixture containing rock fragments, minerals, and volcanic glass.

Question 2

How are rocks identified?

Answer 2

By their composition and texture.

Question 3

What does the texture tell about a rock?

Answer 3

Describes the shape, size, and arrangement of it’s componets.

Question 4

Where do intrusive igneous rocks form from?

Answer 4

Molten rock that cools and crystallizes underground.

Question 5

What type of molten rock do intrusive igneous rocks form from?

Answer 5

Magma

Question 6

What is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate mineral?

Answer 6

Bowen’s Reaction Series

Question 7

What are the three types of magma?

Answer 7

Mafic (low silica), Intermediate, and Felsic (high silica).

Question 8

Which magma type has a low silica content?

Answer 8

Mafic Magma

Question 9

Which magma type has a high silica content?

Answer 9

Felsic Magma

Question 10

Which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz? (Oceanic or continental?)

Answer 10

Continental Crust

Question 11

Which type of crust has little to no quartz? (Oceanic or continental?)

Answer 11

Oceanic and deep continental

Question 12

Which type of igneous rock has a coarse grained texture?

Answer 12

Intrusive

Question 13

Which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture?

Answer 13

Extrusive

Question 14

Do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly?

Answer 14

Quickly

Question 15

What are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 15

Pumice and Scoria

Question 16

Which texture is the type with holes left behind from rapid cooling?

Answer 16

Vesicular

Question 17

Which texture is the type with two different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates?

Answer 17

Porphyritic

Question 18

What type of rock has a vesicular (holey) texture?

Answer 18

Pumice

Question 19

Define clasts

Answer 19

Small rock and mineral fragments

Question 20

What types of erosion of rocks on Earth’s surface exposed to?

Answer 20

Water, wind, and other forces.

Question 21

What does it mean if clasts are being transported?

Question 22

What does it mean if clasts are being deposited?

Question 23

Define pore space

Answer 23

The empty space in between grains.

Question 24

Define compaction

Answer 24

The process of which clasts stick together due to the weight of overlying material.

Question 25

Define cementation

Answer 25

When minerals precipitate slowly out of water solutions and crystallize in the spaces between clasts.

Question 26

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 26

Sedimentary rocks are formed when compaction and cementation work together.

Question 27

What is another name for clasts?

Answer 27

Detritus

Question 28

What are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts?

Answer 28

Detrital sedimentary rock

Question 29

What is the decreasing size of clasts?

Answer 29

Gravel, sand, silt, then clay.

Question 30

Which class size would be deposited first?

Answer 30

Gravel

Question 31

What are four common detrital sedimentary rocks?

Answer 31

Gravel, sand, silt, & clay.

Question 31

How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 31

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed from water that contains dissolved solids.

Question 32

If sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called?

Answer 32

Biochemical sedimentary rocks

Question 33

What are two common biochemical sedimentary rocks?

Answer 33

Limestone & Coal

Question 34

What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 34

Detrital, Biochemical, and Chemical sedimentary rocks.

Question 35

Metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which three things?

Answer 35

Heat, pressure and chemical reactions

Question 36

Which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism?

Answer 36

Igneous, Detrital, and Sedimentary

Question 37

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas?

Answer 37

Regional metamorphism

Question 38

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small areas?

Answer 38

Contact metamorphism

Question 39

When shale is compressed which type of metamorphic rock is created?

Answer 39

Slate

Question 40

What are the two types of metamorphic rock textures?

Answer 40

Foliated and Non-Foliated

Question 41

Define foliated texture.

Answer 41

The crystals are in layers and bands

Question 42

Define non-foliated texture.

Answer 42

The crystals are randomly organized

Question 43

Define rock cycle.

Answer 43

The continuous changing of rocks from one type to another.

Question 44

Which types of rocks are part of the rocks cycle?

Answer 44

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Question 45

What are the three types of rocks?

Answer 45

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Question 46

Which types of rocks form from molten rock?

Answer 46

Igneous rocks

Question 47

Which types of rocks are formed from clasts, precipitation, or compressed once living matter?

Answer 47

Sedimentary rocks

Question 48

Which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure and chemical reactions?

Answer 48

Metamorphic rocks

Question 49

What can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock?

Answer 49

Minerals

Question 50

Metamorphic rocks are mainly classified on which two things?

Answer 50

Texture and composition