Ch. 26 Flashcards
(20 cards)
A fractured femur can result in the loss of ____ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.
-500mL
-250mL
-1L
-2L
1L
Capillaries link the arterioles and the:
-Aorta
-Cells
-Venules
-Veins
Veins
External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because:
-Veins are under a lower pressure
-Vines carry deoxygenated blood
-Veins hold smaller blood volume
-Blood typically oozes from a vein
Veins are under a lower pressure
Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with:
-Hematuria
-Hemoptysis
-Hematemesis
-Dyspnea
Hematemesis
Hypoperfusion is another name for:
-Hypoxemia
-Cellular death
-Cyanosis
-Shock
Shock
Hypovolemic shock occurs when:
-Low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion
-The patient’s systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg
-The clotting ability of the blood is enhanced
-At least 10% of the patient’s blood volume is lost
Low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion
Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by:
-Applying local direct pressure
-Elevating the injured extremity
-Packing the wound with gauze
-Compressing a pressure point
Applying local direct pressure
Perfusion is most accurately defined as the:
-Circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs
-Effective removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products from the body’s cells
-Ability of the systemic arteries to constrict as needed to maintain an adequate blood pressure
-Effective transfer of oxygen from the venues across the systemic capillary membrane walls
Circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs
The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, except:
-Systolic blood pressure
-Poor general appearance
-Clinical signs and symptoms
-The mechanism of injury
Systolic blood pressure
Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for two to three hours?
-Brain
-Skeletal muscle
-Heart
-Kidneys
Skeletal muscle
Which of the following is not a component of the cardiovascular system?
-Heart
-Lungs
-Venules
-Plasma
Lungs
Perfusion is most accurately defined as:
-The removal of adequate amounts of oxygen dioxide during exhalation
-The intake of adequate amounts of oxygen during the inhalation phase
-Circulation of blood within an organ with sufficient amounts of oxygen
-The production of carbon dioxide, which accumulates at the cellular level
Circulation of blood within an organ with sufficient amounts of oxygen
A man involved in a motorcycle crash has multiple abrasions and lacerations. Which of the following injuries has the highest treatment priority?
-Widespread abrasion to the back with pinkish ooze
-3” laceration to the forehead with dark red, flowing blood
-Laceration to the forearm to the forearm with obvious debris in the wound
-1” laceration to the thigh with spurting, bright red blood
1” laceration to the thigh with spurting, bright red blood
Which of the following sets of vial signs is least indicative of internal bleeding?
-BP, 140/90 mm Hg; pule rate, 58 beats/min; respirations, 8 breaths/min
-BP, 100/50 mm Hg; pulse rate, 120 beats/min; respirations, 24 breaths/min
-BP, 98/60 mm Hg; pulse rate, 110 beats/min; respirations, 28 breaths/min
-BP, 102/48 mm Hg; pulse rate, 100 beats/min; respirations, 22 breaths/min
BP, 140/90 mm Hg; pule rate, 58 beats/min; respirations, 8 breaths/min
When caring for a patient with internal bleeding, the EMT must first:
-Ensure a patent airway
-Obtain baseline vital signs
-Control ant external bleeding
-Take appropriate standard precautions
Take appropriate standard precautions
The quickest and most effective way to control external bleeding from a extremity is:
-A pressure bandage
-Direct pressure and elevation
-A splint
-A tourniquet
Direct pressure and elevation
When applying a tourniquet to an amputated arm, the EMT should:
-Use the narrow bandage possible
-Avoid applying the tourniquet over a joint
-Cover the tourniquet with a sterile bandage
-Use rope to ensure that the tourniquet is tight
Avoid applying the tourniquet over a joint
A 70-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed, When you arrive, you find him leaning over a Bain, which contains an impressive amount of blood, He has a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes, and migraine headaches. His BP is 180/100 and his heart rate is 100 beats/min. Which of the following is the most likely contributing factor to his nosebleed?
-His blood pressure
-His history of diabetes
-The fact that he is elderly
-His heart rate id 100 beats/min
His blood pressure
When caring for a patient with severe epistaxis, the most effective way to prevent aspiration of blood is to:
-Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and lean the patient back
-Tilt the patient’s head forward while he or she is leaning forward
-Place the patient supine with his or her head in the flexed position
-Tilt the patient’s head forward while he or she is leaning backward
Tilt the patient’s head forward while he or she is leaning forward
Controlling internal bleeding requires:
-Applying a tourniquet
-Surgery in a hospital
-Position the patient in the sitting position
-Providing slow and considerate transport
Surgery in a hospital
